ch.3 The Skeletal System
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73 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ankyl/o | crooked, bend, stiff |
| arthr/o | joint |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| cost/o | rib |
| crani/o | skull |
| desis | surgical fixation of the bone joint, to bind, tie together |
| kyph/o | bent, hump |
| lord/o | curve, sway back, bend |
| lysis | breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening |
| myel/o | spinal coed, bone morrow |
| oss/e, oss/l, ost/o, oste/o | bone |
| scoll/o | curved, bent |
| spondyl/o | vertebrae, vertebrae column, backbone |
| synovi/o, synov/o | synovial membrane, synovial fluid |
| um | singular noun ending |
| acetabulum, hip socket | large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to from a hip joint |
| allogenic | originating within another |
| ankylosing spondylitis | is a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily cause inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae |
| arthrodesis, surgical ankylois | surgical fusion of two bones to siffen a joint etc. ankle,elbow, shoulder |
| arthrolysis | sugical loosening of an ankylosed joint, ankylosing means stiffing of a joint or joints |
| arthroscopy | visual examination of the internal structure of a joint |
| autologous | originating within an individual |
| chondroma | slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
| comminuted fracture | is one in which the bone is splintered or crushed |
| compression fracture, vertebral crush fracture | occures when the done is pressed together(compressed) on itself. This reults in pain, loss of height and development of the spinal curvature known as dowager's hump |
| costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
| crepitation, crepitus | grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone moved together |
| dual x-ray absoptiometry | low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density |
| fibrous dysplasia | bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normaol bone structure and replaces it with fibrous (scar-like) tissue |
| hallux valgus, bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe |
| hemarthrosis | blood within the joint |
| hemopoietic | means pertaining to the formation of blood cells |
| internal fixation | fracture treatment procedure in which pins are placed through the soft tissues and bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of bone firmly in place during healing |
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash fever, slowed growth and fatigue |
| kyphosis, humpback or dowager's hump | abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side, frequently associated with aging. |
| laminectnomy | surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion of a vertebra |
| lordosis | abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine |
| lumbago, low back pain | is the pain of the lumbar region of the spine |
| malleolus | rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle |
| manubrium | bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
| metacarpals | the five bones that from the palms of the hand |
| metatarsals | form that part of the foot to which the toes are attached |
| myeloma | type of cancer that occurs in blooding-making cells found in the red bone marrow |
| open fracture, compound fracture | in which the bone is broken and there an open wound |
| orthopedic surgeon, othopedist | specialist in diseases and disorders in the bones, loints and muscles |
| orthotic | is a mechanical appliance that designed to control, correct or compensate for the impaired limb function |
| osteitis | inflammation of the bone |
| osteoarthritis, waer-and-tear arthritis | associated with aging |
| osteochondroma | benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
| osteociasis | surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
| osteomalacia, adult rickets | abnormal softening of bones in adults |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone morrow and adjacent bone,bacterial infection - start in other part of the body and spreads to the bone via the blood |
| osteonerosis | death of bone tissue due to alack of insufficient blood supply |
| osteopenia | thinner than average bone density in young person |
| osteoporosis | marked loss od bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging |
| osteoporotic hip fracture, broken hip | a fall or weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur spontaneously |
| osteorrhaphy | surgical suturing or wiring together of bones |
| Paget's disease, osteitis deformans | bone disease of unkown cause. Characterized by excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation. |
| pathologic fracture | occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain, due to bones with osteoporosis or cancer |
| percutaneous vertebroplasty | perfromed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures |
| periostitis | inflammation of the periosteum |
| prosthesis | substitute for a diseased or misssing body part |
| rheumatoid arthritis, RA | chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of the body systems are attacked |
| rickets, infantile osteomalacia | defective bone growth in children |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral (sideway) curvature of the spine |
| spina bifida | congenital defect oocurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
| spiral fracture | is an overuse injury, small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic execessive impact |
| spondyiolisthesis | forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it |
| spondylosis | inflammation of the vertebrae |
| subluxation | partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
| synovectomy | surgical removel of a synovial membrane from a joint |
| vertebrae | bony structure units of the spinal column |
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