Ornithology Quiz 1
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Created by:
deepvoice64 on January 29, 2011
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80 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rachis | The central shaft of a feather |
| Calamus | The hollow base of the rachis |
| Barbs | Extends off the rachis |
| Barbules | Extends off the barbs |
| Barbicels | Extends off the barbules |
| Vanes | Small hooks that interlock to form solid surfaces on either side of the rachis |
| Contour feather | Long feather used for flight |
| Semiplume feather | In between contour and down feathers |
| Filoplume feather | Very small vane at the tip of the rachis |
| Down feather | Fuzzy feather |
| Bristle feather | Thin whisker-like feather for tactile use |
| Afterfeathers | Small feathers attached to the based of larger ones |
| Pterylae (Feather tracts) | An area on the skin of a bird from which feathers grow |
| Apteria | The spaces between feather tracts |
| Remiges | The principle flight feathers including primaries, secondaries and tertials |
| Rectrices | Tail feathers |
| Scapulars | Shoulder feathers |
| Wing coverts | Feathers on a bird's arm that covers the regime feathers |
| Axillaries | Feathers that cover the underside of the wing in the armpit |
| Crown | Top of the head |
| Eye ring | Surrounds the eye |
| Lores | The region between the eye and bill |
| Auriculars (feathers) | Part of a bird's head related to the ear |
| Supercilary stripe | Prominent curving streak above a bird's eye |
| Eyestripe | Streak across the eye |
| Nape | Back of a bird's neck |
| Chin | Lower part of the face |
| Throat | Front part of the neck |
| Forehead | Top part of the face |
| Cere | Where the nose is |
| Upper and lower mandibles | Halves that make up the bill |
| Wing bar | Horizontal bar across the folded wing |
| Mantle | The area of the back and upper wing surfaces |
| Speculum | Colored secondaries |
| Compressed | For much of the bill's length, deeper than it is wide [EX] Puffin |
| Crossed | The tips of the mandibles cross each other [EX] Crossbill |
| Lamellate | Sieve-billed with tooth-like ridges [EX] Duck |
| Hooked | Upper mandible is longer than the lower and its tip is bent over the lower [EX] Hawk |
| Spatulate | The bill is widened toward its tip [EX] Northern Shoveler |
| Decurved | Bill curves ventrally [EX] Curlew |
| Recurved | Bill curves dorsally [EX] American Avocet |
| Toothed | Upper mandible has a notched tooth [EX] Falcon |
| Serrate | Bill's edges are saw-like [EX] merganser |
| Conical | Bill is the shape of a cone [EX] Finches |
| Palmate | Webbed [EX] Duck |
| Totipalmate | Webbed including hallux [EX] Cormerant |
| Semipalmate | Incomplete webbing between the toes |
| Lobate | Webbing surrounding toes [EX] Grebes |
| Raptorial | Sharp talons |
| Scutellate tarsus | The investment is cut up into more or less overlapping scales [EX] Sparrows |
| Reticulate tarsus | The investment is cut up into small irregular plates [EX] Plovers |
| Booted tarsus | The investment of the tarsus is continuously horny without scales or plates; smooth [EX] Thrush |
| Anisodactyl | The hallux is behind and the other three toes are in front [EX] Thrush |
| Zygodactyl | The toes are arranged in pairs, the second and third toes in front, the fourth and hallux behind [EX] Woodpecker |
| Heterodactyl | The toes are arranged in pairs, in this case, the third and fourth toes in front, the second and hallux behind [EX] Trogon |
| Syndactyl | The third and fourth toes (outer and middle) are united for most of their length [EX] Kingfisher |
| Pamprodactyl | All four toes are in front, the hallux being turned forward [EX] Swift |
| Pneumatized bones | Bones that contain numerous air spaces and pneumatic channels |
| Compact bones | Normal bones |
| Sacral vertebrae | Pelvic backbones |
| Caudal vertebrae | Tail backbones |
| Uncinate process | Overlaps the next rib |
| Sternal ribs | Ribs that originate from the sternum |
| Synsacrum | The sacrum is extended by incorporation of additional fused caudal or lumbar vertebrae |
| Ilium | Upper part of the pelvis |
| Ischium | Lower part of the pelvis |
| Pygostyle | caudal vertebrae fused to support the tail feathers (rectrices) |
| Tibiotarsus | Shin or drumstick |
| Tarsometatarsus | Homologous to the top of the human foot |
| Carpometacarpus | Wrist bones fused with the manus |
| Pectoral girdle | Made up of the coracoid, the sternum, the scapula, and the clavicle |
| Supracoracoideous | Muscle underneath the triosseal canal |
| Triosseal canal | Canal between the scapula, humerus and coracoid that allows for flight |
| Sclerotic ossicles | Bones within the orbits |
| Cranial kinesis | The articulation between the bill and rest of the skull |
| Hyoid apparatus | Tongue bones in bones |
| Vent | The external terminus of the digestive system and reproductive systems located on the ventral posterior side of trunk |
| Uropygial gland | On the dorsal surface of the posterior end of the trunk at the base of the rump |
| White muscle fibers | White meat |
| Red muscle fibers | Dark meat |
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