Micro Chapter 6
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Created by:
kmessenger on January 30, 2011
Classes:
Microbiology, The Fab Four, ECP Nursing '12
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 An organism that uses glucose for carbon and sulfur compounds for energy is a: | Chemoheterotroph |
| Which of the groups of microbes below is most metabolically diverse in terms of nutritional classes? Algae Prokaryotes Fungi Protozoa | Prokaryotes |
| Which of the oxygen species below is not toxic to cells? | O2 |
| Hydroxyl radicals are neutralized in the cell by the action of: | Peroxidase |
| Which element listed below is often growth limiting in the environment? | Nitrogen |
| Vitamins are examples of | Growth Factors and Antioxidants |
| A microbes optimum growth temperature is generally closer to: | The maximum growth temperature |
| An organism living at the bottom of the ocean would have to be: | Barophilic:Organisms that live under extreme pressure. Psychrophilic: Requires temperatures below 20 C. Anaerobic: Oxygen fearing |
| Biofilms are best described as: | Complex relationships showing features of synergy and symbiosis |
| Of the methods used to isolate CFUs, which one would allow you microaerophilic (require low levels of oxygen) microbes? | Pour plate (series of dilution) and streak plate incubated in a candle jar. |
| On what type of media would you try to grow an organism whose nutritional requirements where not known? | Complex Media (contains a variety of growth factors) |
| On what type of media would you try to grow and differentiate between two species of digestive tract microorganisms? | Selective Media (contains substances that favor the growth or inhibit the growth of particular microorganisms allowing you to distinguish between two similar microbes) |
| What type of special culture technique would need to be employed to propagate viruses in the laboratory? | Cell Culture (Viruses require a host for nutrients and reproduction. They must be cultured within in a living cell or tissue sample; artificial media is insufficient) |
| To preserve a bacterial specimen for many years, it should be stored: | As a lyophilized sample (think freeze drying! Water is removed through intense vacuum.) |
| If a population of bacteria is growing in a sewer line with a continous flow of wastes, which phase of the growth cycle will the population remain in most of the time? | Log Phase (most actively growing; they are constantly being supplied with nutrient source for growth) |
| In which phase of the growth curve are antimicrobial treatments most successful? | Log Phase (antimicrobial treatments inhibit the growth or organisms) |
| A person with an active infection begins to take an antibiotic. The drug should push the bacterial population into which phase of the growth curve? | Stationary Phase (New organisms are being produces at the same rate at which they are dying. ) |
| Which of the following techniques would best determine the number of living cells in a culture? | Viable plate count (key word is living) |
| Organisms must acquire _____ from the environment to provide energy and building materials for anabolism. | Nutrients |
| Facultative anaerobes ___ have to have mechanisms to protect against the eddects of toxic oxygen species. An example of faculative anaerobe is ___. | do; E Coli (PS!!! E. [or Escherichia] is the genus name and coli would be the specific epithet! Chp. 4!!) |
| Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is turned into useful biological forms by prokaryotes performing this process: | Nitrogen Fixation (some bacteria reduce nitrogen gas to ammonia) |
| ______ grow best at temperatures lower that 15 C; thermophiles, on the other hand, grow best above _____ C. | Psychrophiles (cause they are psycho and love to freeze!); 45 C. (thats 113 F.. AKA AZ in August.. I guess we are thermophiles) |
| Fungi are generally ______. | Acidophiles (they grow best in acidic environments) |
| Microbes can be grown in liquid ____ cultures or as ______ on solid agar plates. | broth; colonies |
| The most common isolation technique is used in the microbiology laboratory is the ____ method. | Streak Plate (safe, easy, and inexpensive) |
| _____ cultures are designed to increase the population of a desired microbes that is present in a sample in very small numbers. | Enrichment (bulks them up!) |
| A bacterial culture starts with five cells. Tha bacteria reproduce every 35 minutes. At the end of 6 hours, you would have ______ cells in your culture. | 6300 + (6 H ( 360 mins) / 35 = they reproduce 10 x an hour... ) formula? |
| ______is a(n) _____ method for estimating the growth of a microbial population in broth that uses spectrophotometry. | Turbidity; indirect |
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