C10 Section 2: Mitosis
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The ____ _____ is a repeating sequence of cellular growth and division during the life of a cell. | cell cycle |
| The life of a eukaryotic cell cycles through phases of _____, DNA ________, _________ for cell divison, and division of the ______ and ________ | growth, replication, preparation, nucleus, cytoplasm |
| The cell cycle is made up of _ phases | 5 |
| The first 3 phases together are known as ________. The remaining 2 phases are known as ____ _______ | interphase, cell division |
| During interphase, the cell is not dividing. It is ________ and preparing to divide. | growing |
| Cells that divide often (ex skin cells) spend ____ time in interphase. | less |
| Cell that rarely divide (ex nerve cells) spend ____ time in interphase | more |
| The G₁ phase is also known as... | first gap phase |
| During the G₁ phase, the cell ______ rapidly as the cell builds more ________ | grows, organelles |
| The S phase is also known as the... | synthesis phase |
| During the S phase, a cell's DNA is ______ | copied |
| At the end of the S phase, the cell's nucleus has _____ as much DNA as it did in the G₁ phase. (in other words DNA ________) | twice, replicates |
| In the S phase, each ________ now consists of two identical ________ that are attached at the centromere | chromosome, chromatids |
| The G₂ phase is also known as... | second gap phase |
| In the G₂ phase the cell continues to ____ and prepares to ______ | grow, divide |
| In the G₂ phase the cell forms special structures (_______) that helps the cell divide. | spindles |
| Hollow protein fibers called __________ are organized in the ________ during G₂ in preparation for division. | microtubules, cytoplasm |
| Each new cell requires a complete set of ________, including a ______ | organelles, nucleus |
| The process of dividing the nucleus into two daugther nuclei is called _______ | mitosis |
| The process of separating the organelles and the cytoplasm is called __________ | cytokinesis |
| Name the four stage of mitosis in order | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
| Prophase __________ condense and _______ membrane breaks down. Outside the nucleus, the ______ forms. | Chromosomes, nuclear, spindle |
| Prophase Each spindle fiber in turn is made up of an individual _________ - a hollow tube of protein. | microtubule |
| Prophase The __________ helps assemble the spindle and contains the __________. Each centriole consists of ____ bundles & 3 ________ each. | centrosome, centrioles, 9, microtubules |
| Metaphase The __________ membrane is fully dissolved & ____________ chromosomes line up on ________ plate. | nuclear, condensed, equatorial |
| Metaphase _________ fibers link the ________ of each chromosome to opposite _________. | Spindle, chromatids, poles |
| Anaphase __________ line up & spindle fibers __________ by breaking _________, guiding the _______ toward the centrioles. Each pole now has a full set of _________. | Chromosomes, shorten, microtubules, chormatids, chromosomes |
| Telophase _________ envolope ________. The spindle ________ as the ________ reaches the poles. Chromosomes _______ becoming _________. | Nuclear, reforms, dissolves, chromatids, uncoil, chromatin |
| Cytokinesis The ____ __________ grows into the center of the cell & ________ into 2 daughter cells. Each daughter cell has about ____ of the parents' ________ & __________. | cell membrane, divides, half, cytoplasm, organelles |
| Cytokinesis (animal) The cell is pinched in half by a belt of _______ threads. | protein |
| Cytokinesis (plant) Since plant cells have ____ _______, cytoplasm is divided in a different way. _______ that hold material line up across the middle of the cell & ______ fuse to form the ____ ________. The ____ _______ separates the plant into 2 new plant cells. | cell wall, vesicles, vesicles, cell plate, cell plate |
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