| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Atahualpa | Incan emperor conqueror by Pizarro |
| Bartholomeu Dias | first Portuguese explorer to round the southern tip of Africa |
| British East India Company | private British company that made inroads into India |
| Capitalism | private ownership of the means of production; predicated on profit motive & free competition |
| Caravel | small European ship that used square and lateen sail |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian who sailed for Spain; encountered the "New World" |
| Columbian Exchange | transfer of people, animals, plants & diseases between the New World and Europe |
| Conquistadors | Spanish explorers who conquered civilizations and territory |
| Creole | Social class in Latin America; Europeans born in the Latin America |
| Dutch East India Company | private Dutch company that came to dominate trade in the east Indies |
| Encomienda | Spanish system where a colonist was granted a piece of land together with its Indian inhabitants (as slaves – coercive labor) |
| Ferdinand Magellan | first explorer to circumnavigate the globe |
| Francisco Pizarro | conquistador that conquered the Incas in Peru |
| Galleon | smaller hulled faster ship than the caravel (English navy) |
| Henry the Navigator | Portuguese Prince who opened a school for navigation & promoted exploration |
| Hernán Cortés | conquistador that conquered the Aztec in Mexico |
| Indentured servant | a person who came to America under contract to work for a period of time (3-7 years... coercive labor) |
| Joint Stock Company | business where investors pool their wealth for a common purpose and share in the profits |
| Mercantilism | economic policy where nations tried to increase the amount of gold and silver in their treasuries by establishing a favorable balance of trade |
| Mestizo | Social class in Latin America; mixed European & Ameridian |
| Middle Passage | trade route from Africa to America (slave trade) |
| Montezuma | Aztec ruler conquered by Cortés |
| Mulatto | Social class in Latin America; mixed European & African |
| Peninsulare | Social class in Latin America; European emigrant (born in Europe) |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | treaty negotiated by the Pope dividing the New World between Spain & Portugal |
| Triangular Trade | Atlantic trade between the Europe, Africa & the New World |
| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese sailor who rounded Africa and reached India |
Combine with other sets
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