1.
abduction PROM is checked by: stretching of the adductor muscles and pubofemoral ligament
2.
acetabular labrum: an extension of the articular surface (cartilage) and a thickening of the interior capsule; will be pulled with a pull of the femur due to its "intimate" relationship with the proximal capsule
3.
acetabulum: faces anterior, lateral and inferior so it is not in one plane. It contains the lunate surface
4.
adduction PROM is checked by: stretch of the abductor muscles and lateral band of the iliofemoral ligament; if the hip is flexed, it is limited by stetch of the posterior portion of the ishiofemoral ligament
5.
anteversion: femoral head and neck is anterior where the trochanter is posterior
6.
as a young baby the acetabulum is more: horizontal
7.
as a young baby the head and neck of the femur is more: vertical
8.
as you age your angle becomes: less mobile and more stable
9.
axis of rotation for abduction and adduction of the femur: anterior/posterior line through the head of the femur
10.
axis of rotation for flexion/extension of the femur: medial/lateral line that passes through the center of the head
11.
axis of rotation for internal and external rotation of the femur: a vertical line through the head of the femur that passes through anpther part of the femur and will change depending whether you are weight bearing or non-weight bearing
12.
before puberty what also supplies blood to the head of the femur: a second blood supply from the obturator artery->artery of the head of the femur
13.
capsular pattern of the hip: you will lose the motions that are restricted by the capsule the most first; internal rotation>extension>abduction>flexion>external rotation
14.
close-packed postion: maximal extension; max abduction and max internal rotation
15.
coxa valga: any angle of angulation 10-15 degrees larger than 125 degrees; the femoral head and neck are more vertical; usually a result of not enough weight bearing and is more unstable and susceptible for subluxations and dislocations
16.
coxa vara: any angle of angulation 10-15 degrees less than 125 degress; the head and neck are more horizontal; associated with a break in the neck of the femur and is more stable but loss of ROM
17.
disloaction of the hip joint: complete loss of contact between the 2 articular surfaces
18.
during left hip hiking you get: left side innominate bone abduction and right side adduction to lift that side
19.
during left side posterior rotation you will get (if the right side is stabilized): you will get internal rotation of the hip on the contralateral side and external rotation on the ipsilateral side
20.
extension PROM is checked by: stretch of flexor muscles and the 3 primary capsular ligaments
21.
external rotation: 30-45 degrees
22.
external rotation PROM is checked by: stretch on internal rotator muscles, lateral band of the iliofemoral ligament and anterior pubofemoral
23.
femoral angulation: the obtuse angle of the femur and neck to the acetabulum that changes depending on our weight bearing
24.
flexion PROM is checked by: stretch of the extensor muscles, posterior capsule and compression of the thigh/abdomen soft-tissue mass
25.
gluteofemoral bursa: between the gluteus maximum and vastus lateralis and is much smaller
26.
how much abd/add, int/ext rotation is required for normal ambulation: 5 degrees
27.
how much extension is needed for normal ambulation: 10 degrees
28.
how much flexion is required for normal ambulation: 30 degrees
29.
if you are too vertical (inclination) what must you do to become more stable: you must abduct the legs
30.
if you have too much anteversion what must you do to become more stable: you will have to internally rotate and abduction your legs
31.
if you have too much retroversion what must you do to become more stable: you will have to externally rotate and adduct you legs
32.
iliofemoral ligament: a "y" ligament; attached to the ilium and then splits into a medial and lateral band. Altogether it checks extension; the lateral band checks adduction and external rotation; the medial band checks abduction and internal rotation
33.
iliopsoas bursa: a piece of the synovium that protrudes between the two bands of the iliofemoral ligament ; it separates the psoas muscle tendon from the pubis and hip joint capsule
34.
in a normal adult the angle ot angulation is about: 125 degrees
35.
internal rotation: 30-45 degrees
36.
internal rotation PROM is checked by: stretch of the external rotator muscles and ishiofemoral ligament
37.
ishial bursa: on the ishial tuberosity beneath the gluteus maximus
38.
ishiofemoral ligament: passes from the ishium and inserts on the base of the femoral neck on the interthrochanteric line; this checks internal rotation and extension
39.
least-packed postion of the hip: flexion: 30 degrees; abdution: 30 degrees; slight external rotation
40.
ligamentum capitis femoris: the ligament to the head of the femur
41.
ligamentum teres femoris: also called the round ligament; passes from the acetabulum and inserts into the fovea of the head of the femur; it brings blood supply before skeletal maturity
42.
Lunate Surface: half moon shaped articular surface with cartilage that is thicker superiorly
43.
normal torsion of the femur is: 15-16 degrees of anteversion
44.
position of dislocation: hip flexion, external rotation, adduction and then a blow to the knee
45.
PROM abduction: 40-45 degrees
46.
PROM adduction: 20-30 degrees
47.
PROM for extension: knee flexed: 10 degrees; knee extended: 20 degrees
48.
PROM for flexion: knee flexed: 120 degrees; knee extended: 80 degrees
49.
pubofemoral ligament: passes from the pubic ramus and inserts on the base of the femoral neck; checks extension, internal rotation and abduction
50.
retroversion: femoral head and neck is more posterior where the tranchanter is more anterior
51.
subluxation of the hip joint: partial loss of contact between the two articular surfaces
52.
the best way to tell the position of the femur is: by looking at the patella
53.
The coxofemoral joint consists of: acetabulum and femoral head
54.
the head of the femur faces: superior and anteromedial and does not mirror the acetabulum
55.
the hip joint is also referred to as the: coxofemoral joint
56.
the margins of the attachments of the capsule are: inferior: transverse acetabular ligament; most distal on femur: intertrochanteric line and crest; most distal on the innominate bone: around the brim of the acetabulum
57.
the more proximal to the head of the femur you get with a break the more of a chance you lose what: blood supply
58.
transverse acetabular ligament: passes on the inferior portion of the head of the femur; encloses the inferior portion
59.
trochanteric bursa: on the greater trochanter of the femur beneath the gluteus maximun
60.
what is always present to supply blood to the head of the femur: branches from the deep femoral artery->anterior and posterior circumflex arteries
61.
what part of the acetabulum is non articulating: the interior portion
62.
what part of the joint is usually not weight bearing and what is there: the inferior portion with a small fat pad and ligament there
63.
when we are born are we start our more what in respect to torsion: anteverted and move towards retroversion
64.
where in the proximal femur are there not as many cross-sections of arcades: the neck of the femur
65.
where is the most common fracture site in the femur: at the epiphysis
66.
you want to keep the hip joint coapted because: it is the position of stability
67.
zenith: the very top and primary weight bearing site where the thickest articular cartilage of the lunate is
68.
zona orbicularis: a circumferential band around the femoral end of the capsule and pulls down tght around the femoral neck; functions as stability for the femoral head and prevents traction of the leg to keep the head in place
