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Great Rift Valley 4,000 mile crack from Jordan River to Mozambique Nile River World's Longest River, protected by the Nile River Treaty Southern Africa Region where livestock is raised Congo River 32 cataracts, 2,900 mile river that is impossible to cross. Basins Landforms that can be up to 5,000 feet deep. What kind of vegetation is found in the Congo Basin? Rainforest Sand Covers 1/5 of Sahara Desert Desertification Caused by overgrazing, drilling, and farming Sahel "Shore of the Desert" that is undergoing stress. Aswan High Dam Man-made structure that increases water supply, part of Lake Nasser Bantu Migration 120 people have related through language and culture do to this. Ghana, Mali, and Songehai Ancient west African empires that traded gold and salt. Islam in North Africa Found there due to invasions from Asia. Northen Africa Cultural Hearth Serves as the origin of ideas and practices which spread to N.America and Europe. Ethiopia Eastern Africa country that remained independent during European colonization. Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania Recieve revenue from tourism Apartheid An economic sanction used in seperation of races S.Africa Brain Drain the departure of African professinoals to Western countries. Guinea Worm Disease caused by water born parasites. GDP Economic measure typically higher with diverse exports. Berlin Conference Held in winter of 1884 that deceided fate of Africa. Tatiana Rusesabagina "Tutsi" race in Hotel Rwanda Nigeria Impovershment Government, Mismanagement and Coruption led to the impovershment of Nigeria 1960's The time of African independence that led to the countries becoming worse off. Belgium Caused their country citizens into forced labor to gather rubber, palm oil and ivory. King Leopold Believed in forced labor. HDI Based on economic health and health indicators.