Mod D-Final (theory)
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Created by:
edithquintero on February 3, 2011
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42 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Structure of the respiratory system | composed of Nose Pharynx(throat) Trachea(windpipe) bonchi & bronchioles Lungs |
| Pharynx | Divided into different parts Nasopharynx (nose) Oropharynx (mouth) Laryngopharynx( (base of tongue to the esophagus) |
| Larynx | also known as the voice box incoming air goes by the pharynx and then through a narrow opening known as the glottis. Which surrounds and protects the larynx. has 9 cartilage's |
| Thyroid Cartilage | "Adams Apple"- The shield shape it covers and protects larynx |
| epiglottis | is elastic and sits on top of the glottis, acts as a lid which prevents food or water from entering the larynx. lower air passegeways |
| Trachea | "Windpipe" Protects airway 2.5 cm diameter 11 cm long The C shape structures stiffen the tracheal walls and protect the airway. |
| Pulmonary Circulation | -Pulmonary Ventilation Breathing- step 1 also refer to the movement of air into and out of the lungs -Gas exchange Internal and External Respiration-step 2 diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide (bwn the lungs & blood)=external respiration diffussion btwn of 02 and CO2 btwn blood cells & body tissues=internal respiration - Gas pick up and transport The transport of O2 and CO2 within the blood- step 3 |
| Bronchi | R and L branches that form primary bronchi, primary bronchus enters lung at the Hilus |
| Bronchioles | continues to divide becoming terminal bronchioles which continue to branch and form openings into clusters of alveoli |
| Alveoli | its where gas exchange is done, each lung containg approximately 150 million of |
| Alveolar macrophages | dust cells-patrol the outer layer of the lung (epithelium)engulfin dust of debris that has reached the alveolar surfaces. |
| Parietal Pleura | Covers inner surface of bodys wall, covers diaphragm and mediastinum(provides protection on the bones) |
| Visceral Pleura | Covers outer surface of lungs |
| Exhalation | "Expiration" Diaphragm Moves upward |
| Inhalation | "Inspiration" Diaphragm moves downward |
| Inflation reflex | prevents lungs from over-expanding. |
| Tidal volume | Amount of air moved in or out of lungs during a respiratory cycle |
| Vital Capacity | Max. amount of air that CAN BE moved into or out of the respiratory system in a single cycle |
| Expiratory Reserve Volume | FORCED exhalation at the end of a tidal cycle |
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume | Amount of air taken over and above resting tidal volume |
| total lung capacity | sum of vital capacity and residual volume |
| residual volume | Air that remains in the respiratory passageways and alveoli AFTER exhausting reserve volume = 1200 mL |
| Inflation reflex | prevents lungs from over-expanding |
| Medulla Oblongata | Respiratory Control Center; responsible for setting the basic rate of breathing. It also controls the breathing rate when sleeping. |
| Respiratory Cycle | one complete cycle- single breath |
| Respiration center | Exchange of gases between living cells and the environment. Involves a 3 step process |
| Emphysema | a chronic pulmonay disease in which the bronchioles become obstructed with mucus. |
| epistaxis | nose bleed. |
| Bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| ashtma | Disease of a bronchi, characterized by wheexing, dyspnea, and feeling of constriction of the chest. |
| Phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein |
| Thachycardia | A fast heart beat |
| Hypertension | Disease of arteries caused by pressure. |
| heart septum | partition that divedes or separates a cavity e.g heart chambers bwn the R&L, division btwn the atriams and ventricles |
| CHF | Congestive heart failure |
| Angina | Chest pain |
| Artherosclerosis | condition of the build up of fatty substance and hardening of the arterie of the walls. |
| Artheriosclerosis | A condition of hardening of an artery |
| Aneurysm | An abnornal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery due to a congenital weakness or defect in the wall of the vessel |
| Cardilogist | One who specializes in the study of the heart. |
| Sinoatrial node or SA nose | cardiac pacemaker of the heart. Located in the upper wall of the right atrium just below the opening of the Superior Vena Cava. |
| cardiac Circulation | deoxygenated blood travels in throught the inferior and superior vena cave into R atrium. Once atrium fills with blood a contration in this chamber occurs and blood filters throgh the tricuspid valve filling the R ventricle. RV fills the arterie valve closes to avoid the fluid of blood back into the atrium. R ventricle contract and tranfers the blood throuth the pulmonary semilunar and continues to flow through the pulmonary artery which will lead to the lung, at this phase the deoxygenated blood with receive oxygen by the alveoli, and travel back to the heart through the pulmonay veins, enter the L atrium, once atrium chamber is full of blood this will contract, and blood will fillter through the bicuspid valve also known as the mitral valve, into the LV. Once full the bicuspid valve will close to avoid any back flow of blood into the L atrium. LV contract and tranfers blood thrught the aortic semilunar into the aorta which in turn will transport blood through out body. |
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