Chapter 10 Flashcards
About this set
Created by:
samueldaniels on February 3, 2011
Subjects:
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Binary Fission | a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
| Chromatid | one of two identical strands into which a chromosome splits during mitosis |
| Diploid | A cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes |
| Gene | The most basic physical unit of heredity: a segment of nucleic acid acids that codes for a functional unit of RNA and/or protein |
| Centromere | the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis |
| Haploid | describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set if unpaired chromosomes |
| Chromosome | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| Histone | a type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells |
| Homologous Chromosome | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis |
| Cell Cycle | the life cycle of a cell; in eukaryotes, it consists of a cell-growth period in which DNA is synthesized and a cell-division period in which mitosis takes place |
| Spindle | a network of microtubules that forms during mitosis and moves chromatids to the poles |
| Anaphase | Sister chromatids move toward opposite poles at the spindle fibers attached to them shorten |
| Interphase | a period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins |
| Telophase | A nuclear envelope forms around the chromatids at each pole. The spindle dissolves. |
| Mitosis | in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
| Prophase | chromosomes move to the cell center, lining up there. Spindle fibers link the centromeres to the poles. |
| Centrioles | One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope; play a role in cell division. |
| Cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm of a cell; cytokinesis follows the division of the cell's nucleus by mitosis or meiosis |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes begin to condense, and the nuclear membrane begins to dissolve. |
| Cancer | a type of disorder of cell growth that results in invasion and destruction of surrounding healthy tissue by abnormal cells |
| Tumor | a growth that arises from normal tissue but that grows abnormally in rate and structure and lacks a function |
| Checkpoint | A critical control point in the cell cycle where stop and go-ahead signals can regulate the cycle. |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.