part 2
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are some advantages of science over other sources of knowledge? | It is empirical, theoretical(progressive, tentative, and self-correcting), and parsimonious |
| Why is being progressive an important feature of science? | It helps researchers discover more and in doing so knowing more about a particular topic |
| 3 criteria for a study to be considered scientific | Systematic empiricism- relying on observation to draw conclusions about the world Public verification- the same study can be done by someone else; a published study solvable problems- questions that are answerable given current knowledge and research techniques |
| 4 goals of psychological science | to describe behavior(to know what's going on), to explain behavior(to comprehend why something is going on), to predict behavior, and to control behavior |
| 4 Cannons of science | determinism(theory), empiricism, parsimony, testability(falsifiability) |
| internal validity | degree to which a researcher draws accurate conclusions about the independent variable |
| external validity | degree to which results can be generalized to other research samples, and procedures |
| Importance of a theory to science; what do they accomplish | a systematic, lawful relationship between variables(constructs); organizes past research and guide future research |
| Imp. characteristics of a good hypothesis | Must be logical, testable, and falsifiable |
| operational definition | defining how a research variable will be manipulated or measured in a particular study; it is important because definitions can vary from person to person or research to research |
| scientific filter | a filter that separates valid from invalid ideas; it narrows down and weeds out ideas that may just be based off of hunches to ideas that are supported by studies and continued to be used by other scientists |
| sampling error | the amount of error that exists between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter |
| Diff. b/t random sampling and random assignment | random sampling is when each element of the population has an equal chance of being selected; random assignment is when participants are assigned to experimental and control conditions by chance |
| 2 important advantages of stem and leaf plot | data is always there(retains raw data), you only go through the data once; neat and efficient |
| Informed consent and voluntary participation | To inform participants about the details of the research that might influence their willingness to participate in it; voluntary participation is when a person chooses to participate in the study after informed consent. |
| Accomplishing in debriefing | Clarify goals of research and answer questions, undo deception and explain the study fully and accurately, undo psychological harm done, do a manipulation check and a deception check |
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