Photosynthesis
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Created by:
SpoonRider on February 4, 2011
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49 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 plants, some bacteria, some protists | 3 groups that carry out photosynthesis |
| cyanobacteria | What do we call the bacteria that carry on photosynthesis? |
| Uglaina | Name one type of protozoa that is photosynthetic. |
| chloroplasts | What are plastids? |
| light is not necessary for the reaction to occur | Why do we call it the light independent reaction? |
| leaf-chloroplast-stroma-thylakoids-chlorophyll | Categorization of a leaf |
| it is filled by the electrons coming down the electron transport chain from photosystem II | How do we fill the "electron hole" that was left by the ejected electron? |
| plastids | Leaves contain ________, mainly chloroplasts. |
| reaction center | Chlorophyll absorbs photons from the sun which bounce around inside the thylakoid membrane until they reach the ________ ______. |
| Pathway 1, systems | The light dependent reaction is further broken down into two _______ |
| false | Photosystem I comes before photosystem II |
| Step 1, reaction center | Photons are absorbed by the "light harvesting complex" of photosystem II. Energy passes around the complex, from molecule to molecule until it reaches the ________ ______. |
| 2 | How many electrons does a enzyme split water molecules into? |
| must be filled | A cells missing electron holes ____ __ ______! |
| exergonic reaction | The electron "fall" down the electron transport chain sets up an _________ ________ (down the gradient) from a higher energy level to a lower energy level. |
| exergonic reaction | This provides the energy for making ATP in the cytochrome complex. |
| reduce | Also, the excited electron from photosystem I is sent to a 2nd electron transport system where it will ______ NADP+ NADPH (which will be used later) |
| rubisco, combines | An enzyme called _______ (most abundant enzyme on earth) ________ three molecules of carbon dioxide with three molecules of ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) |
| water leaves | When the stomata are open and carbon dioxide is going into the leaf, something else occurs at the same time. What is it? |
| C4 pathway | How can plants take in carbon dioxide and still retain the water in their leaves? |
| they use the excess oxygen to help "fix" the carbon dioxide | Why are oxygen levels higher in C4 plants? |
| net product of photosynthesis. Plants use two molecules of G3P to make one molecule of glucose. | 5 molecules of G3P stay in the system; one of them leaves the system and is the |
| six turns to produce 2 G3P molecules which makes one molecule of glucose | Since the Calvin cycle takes in only one Carbon Dioxide molecule per turn of the cycle it takes |
| Step 4 | Regeneration of RuBP |
| three carbon sugar | C3 comes from the fact that the first product produced in the cycle by using rubisco and carbon dioxide is 3-PGA, a ______ ______ _____ |
| stomata | Tiny pores in the leaves that open and close to allow carbon dioxide in are called _______ |
| oxaloacetate | The result of the G4 pathway is a 4 carbon compound called ____________ instead of G3P |
| photosynthesis | the process green plants, algae, and certain bacteria use to transform light energy to chemical energy stored in the bonds of sugar they make from carbon dioxide and water |
| autotrophs | make their own food an thus sustain themselves without consuming organic molecules derived from any other organism |
| producers | organisms that produce their own food supply |
| photoautotrophs | all organisms that produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules using the energy of light |
| chlorophyll | a light absorbing pigment in the chloroplasts that play a central role in converting solar energy into chemical energy |
| mesophyll | the green tissue in the interior of the leaf |
| stomata | tiny pores in a leaf |
| stroma | a thick fluid that fills an inner compartment of in the chloroplast |
| thylakoids | a system of inner connected membrane sacs |
| light reactions | the steps that absorb solar energy an convert it to solar energy stored in ATP and NADPH |
| Calvin cycle | the second stage of photosynthesis |
| carbon fixation | the incorporation of carbon from CO2 into organic compounds |
| electromagnetic spectrum | the full range of electromagnetic wavelengths from the very short gamma rays to the very long-wavelength radio waves |
| wavelength | the distance between the crests of two adjacent waves |
| photon | a fixed quantity of light energy |
| photosystem | consists of a number of light-harvesting complexes surrounding a reaction center complex |
| reaction center complex | contains a pair of chlorophyll a molecules and a molecule called the primary electron acceptor, which is capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced |
| photophosporylation | the chemiosomotic production of ATP in photosynthesis |
| C3 plants | plants in which the first organic compound produced is the three-carbon compound 3-PGA |
| photorespiration | a process in which, because of closed stomata, rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP |
| C4 plants | plants that precede the Calvin cycle by first fixing CO2 into a four-carbon compound |
| CAM plants | plants that are adapted to very dry climates |
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