chapter 5 section 3
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Created by:
rgmitchell on February 4, 2011
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 maturation phase | the scab sloughs off once the epidermis has been restored to normal thickness, collagen fibers become more organized, fibroblasts decrease in number and blood vessels are restored to normal. |
| migratory phase | the clot becomes a scab, epithelial cells migrate beneath the scab to bridge the wound, fibroblasts migrate along fibrin threads and damaged blood vessels begin to regrow. |
| blood reservoir | is a function of the dermis because of the extensive network of blood vessels in the dermis which carry 8% to 10% of the total blood flow in a resting adult. |
| calcitriol | the most active form of Vitamin D, is produced from a precursor molecule in the skin by ultraviolet light; it is modified by enzymes in the liver and kidneys and aids in absorption of calcium from foods. |
| free edge | the part of the nail body that extends past the distal end of the digit or phalanx. |
| hypertrophic scar | a raised scar which is elevated above the normal epidermal surface but which remains within the boundaries of the original wound. |
| second-degree burn | destroys the epidermis and part of the dermis causing some skin functions to be lost, redness, blister formation, edema and pain. |
| third-degree burn | destroys the epidermis, the dermis and the subcutaneous layer causing most skin function to be lost along with marked edema & numbness |
| lunula | the whitish, crescent-shaped area of the proximal end of the nail body. |
| inflammation | is a vascular and cellular response that occurs helping eliminate microbes, foreign material and dying tissue from a wound. |
| cutaneous sensations | are sensations that arise in the skin including touch, pressure, vibration and tickling. |
| nail body | the visible portion of the (finger or toe) nail. |
| nail matrix | the proximal portion of the epithelium deep to the nail root where cells divide by mitosis to provide growth. |
| nails | plates of tightly-packed, hard, dead, keratinized epidermal cells. |
| hyponychium | a thickened region of stratum corneum which secures the nail to the fingertip (or tip of the toe). |
| basal cell carcinomas | About 78% of all skin cancers; they arise from cells in the stratum basale and rarely metastasize. |
| squamous cell carcinomas | About 20% of all skin cancers; are caused from sun damage; they arise from squamous cells of the epidermis and may metastasize. |
| excretion | from the skin includes sweat, water, heat, ammonia, urea, some salts and carbon dioxide. |
| eponychium | a narrow band of epidermis, stratum corneum, which extends from and adheres to the lateral border of the nail wall. |
| pressure ulcers | are caused by a constant deficiency of blood flow to tissues typically those overlying a bony projection. |
| inflammatory phase | a blood clot form in a wound and loosely unites the wound edges; a vascular and cellular response occurs that helps eliminate microbes, foreign material & dying tissue. |
| proliferative phase | extensive growth of epithelial cells beneath the scab, deposition by fibroblasts of collagen fibers in random patterns and growth of blood vessels. |
| keloid scar | a raised scar which is elevated above the normal epidermal surface but which extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound. |
| rule of nines | a quick means for estimating the surface area affected by a burn in an adult. |
| contact inhibition | a phenomenon in which in response to an epidermal injury, basal cells surrounding the wound break contact with the basal membrane & migrate across the wound; they stop migrating when they encounter other epidermal cells |
| nail root | the portion of the nail that is buried in a fold of the skin. |
| granulation tissue | is the tissue that fills the wound during the migratory phase of wound healing. |
| absorption | by the skin includes fat-soluble vitamins, some drugs and organic solvents. |
| malignant melanomas | About 2% of all skin cancers ; arise from melanocytes; they metastasize rapidly and can kill within months of diagnosis. |
| burn | tissue damage caused by excessive heat, electricity, radioactivity or corrosive chemical that break down the proteins in skin cells. |
| first-degree burn | involves only the epidermis and is characterized by pain and redness but no blisters. |
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