AP Art History: Rome
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Created by:
picklesismything on February 6, 2011
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9 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
| Rome Notes | -Success through conquest, assimilation, and administration -For the first 500 years it "grew" -For the second 100 years it "peaked" -For the last 300 years it "declined and fell" -Occupy all the Greek+Etruscan territories -Adapt Greek ideas for own use -Less idealistic, philosophical, intellectual than Greeks. Romans were secular, practical, and functional |
| Republic Rome | 200-27 BCE Rome is the greatest civilization -Initially a Plutocratic society (ruled by the rich) -First to build a complex network of roads -Temple building -Palentine Hill similar to Acropolis -Greek marble/bronze copies --When you see a leaf on the genitals, it's probably a copy -Busts (face and shoulders) of ancestors -SPOR - Senate and People of Rome - found all over Rome on standards |
| Imperial Rome | -27 BCE-300 CE -An emperor rules. Julius Caesar is the most famous general and politician -Height of power -All about worldly and military power -Honor military leaders -many narrative reliefs: record of the emperor's achievements, or of family -Found on: altars, triumphal arches, and columns (entire thing, not just the top) -Portrait sculpture- one of Rome's most important contributions -Painting (depth, shading) --Almost looks like perspective --Came to a halt because of Christianity |
| Imperial Architecture | -Most enduring contribution -Made of concrete faced with marble, which makes it look gray and unattractive, inexpensive, and cosmetic -Arch gives space -Romans welcomed people to temples -Most temples were named after people -Vitruvius- architect who wrote 10 books on architecture and set standards for engineers |
| Temple of Portunus |  Has Greek: -Ionic columns -Pediment -Ranking cornice -Architrave Has Etruscan: -Deep porch -One entrance -Engaged columns -High podium Made of concrete |
| Colosseum |  -Created a vaulting system -Public forums -Aqueducts -Arenas Barrel vault -Series of arches, back-to-back -Creates long tunnels -Buttressed -No windows/light Groin vault -two barrel vaults that intersect -buttressing at 4 corners Dome -Low cylinder drum with dome on top -opens up space -Large and practical |
| Colosseum (part 2) | -First elliptical structure -Held 50,000 people -Entertainment for the masses, not "contest" entertainment (gladiators, mock sea battles) 4 Levels in order of development -Doric column (engaged, attached to wall) -Ionic -Corinthian -Pilasters (engaged columns) -Pitted walls -Concrete faced with marble -Under the floor: dressing room, areas for animals, barracks for gladiators -80 outside arches around the perimeter (76 for common people, 1 for emperor and court, 1 for priests, 1 for the door of life, 1 for the door of death) |
| Panthenon |  -Honors all the gods -Built by Agrippa, destroyed and rebuilt by Paydrion -Perfect hemisphere -Dome on a low 20ft thick drum -Huge bronze doors so heavy you can't open them -Outside is plain -Drainage system on the floor -Raphael is buried here -Interior has 3 zones: 1st Level: 7 niches (planetary gods) 2nd Level: Signs of the Zodiac 3rd Level: coffer - a square recess in a ceiling to reduce the weight of the structure -AKA the Golden Dome of Heaven -Best preserved building of the ancient world |
| Forum |  |
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