biology troy 9
About this set
Created by:
sikorskigang Plus on February 6, 2011
Subjects:
dna and protein synthesis ch 12 and 13
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 transformation | process by which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria |
| bacteriophage | kind of virus that infects bacteria |
| base pairing | principle , principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine |
| replication | process of copying DNA prior to cell division |
| DNA Polymerase | principle enzyme involved in dna replication |
| rna | (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes |
| messenger rna | the template for protein synthesis |
| ribosomal rna | single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose. |
| transfer rna | type of rna that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis |
| rna polymerase | enzyme that produces rna |
| intron | sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein |
| exon | sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures |
| polypeptide | a singular chain of amino acids |
| genetic code | set of rules genetic material is read |
| codon | genetic code |
| translation | base becomes protein |
| anticodon | rna moecule that transfers amino acids to a polypeptide |
| gene expression | info from a gene is synthesized of a functional gene product |
| mutation | changing genetic sequence |
| point mutation | the replacment of a single nucleodide |
| frameshift mutation | A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three, resulting in the improper grouping of the following nucleotides into codons. |
| mutagen | a chemical that changes genetic material |
| differentiation | cells are changed into different types of cells |
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