|
 geography | the study of the earth's surface, climate, continents, countries, peoples, industries, and products. |
| perspective | the way a person looks at something |
| landscapes | scenery of a place; physical, human, and cultural features |
| cartography | the study of maps and mapmaking |
| meteorology | study of weather |
| region | an area with one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas (countries, deserts, mountain ranges, suburbs, neighborhoods) |
| formal region | has one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas (population, rainfall, income levels, crops, temperature) |
| functional region | made up of different places that are linked together and function as a unit, organized around central point |
| perception | awareness and understanding of the environment around us |
| perceptual regions | regions that reflect human feelings and attitudes |
| grid | the pattern of lines that circle the globe in east-west and north-south direction |
| latitude | drawn in east-west direction |
| longitude | drawn in north-south direction |
| equator | an imaginary line that circles the globe halfway between Earth's North Pole and South Pole |
| parallels | lines of latitude |
| meridians | lines of longitude |
| prime meridian | imaginary line drawn from the North Pole through Greenwich, England to the South Pole |
| degrees | units used to measure distances between parallels and between meridians |
| hemispheres | halves of the globe divided by the equator and prime meridian; North, East, West, South |
| continents | large landmasses on Earth's surfaces, 7(Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America) |
| atlas | collection of maps in one book |
| map projections | different ways of representing a round Earth on a flat map |
| great-circle route | the shortest route between any two places on the planet |
| compass rose | a map element with arrows pointing in all four principle directions |
| legend | map key |
| contiguous | connecting or bordering |
| precipitation | condensed droplets of water that fall as rain, snow, sleet, or hail |
| topography | elevation, layout, and shape of the land |
| climate graphs | graphs showing average temperature and precipitation in a place |