Advanced American I Final
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Created by:
JaneCarolMurphy on February 7, 2011
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Presidents in Order | Thomas Jefferson: 1801-1809 James Madison: 1809-1817 James Monroe: 1817-1825 John Quincy Adams: 1825-1829 Andrew Jackson: 1829-1837 |
| Issues of Jefferson's Presidency | Abolished the "Midnight Judges" of Adams Barbary Pirates raiding American Ships North Eastern States want to secede due to westward expansion. National Bank's control over Economy Whiskey Tax French/British Possible War |
| Strengths of Jefferson's Presidency | Louisiana Purchase (1803 for 15 million) Decreased the National Debt along with Albert Gallatin Increased flow of settlers to the West Pro-French |
| Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton | Burr (VP) wanted to secede with the northeastern states, Hamilton refused. Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel, Hamilton died. Burr was later a quited of treason by Chief Justice John Marshall. |
| Land in the West | $2 per acre, later only $1.25.Farmers could buy land with only $100 |
| Jefferson's Legislation | Republican Pro French Embargo Act, no trade with Britain/France |
| Issues of Madison's Presidency | War of 1812 Non-Intercourse Act-would only trade if America's neutrality was recognized |
| Strengths of Madison's Presidency | Annexed Florida into America\ Framer of U.S. Constitution Author of Bill of Rights and Federalist Papers Leading Republican by 1795. Co-author of Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions |
| Madison's Legislation | Republican Andrew Jackson-VP |
| Monroe's Legislation | Last Prez to serve in Cont. Army/Officer in Continental Army Graduate of William and Mary Last president to fight in Revolutionary War. Anti-Federalist/Republican U.S. Senator Minister to France, 1794-96 Sympathetic to France; chief negotiator along with Robert Livingstone of Louisiana Purchase. Favored a weak executive and a strong legislature. |
| Strengths of Monroe's Presidency | Mississippi, Illinois, Maine, Alabama and Missouri admitted to the Union. As president, he made two long European tours. The United States acquired Florida and warned the Russians to attempt no further movement southward into the continental United States. |
| Issues of Monroe's Presidency | Increasing sectionalism and economic depression began to challenge Monroe as term in office unfolded. Missouri applies to be a slave state in 1819 and is denied admission to the Union; the matter is debated in Congress until finally in 1820, the Missouri Compromise is passed allowing Missouri to enter as slave state and Maine as free state. |
| Issues of Quincy-Adam's Presidnecy | Too advanced for his time 1841 Post presidency years when he successfully defended Amistad mutineers who were taken illegally to be enslaved in the Americas; Adams won them the right to stay in America or return to Africa |
| Strengths of Quincy-Adam's Presidency | Advocated national program of highways and canals partially achieved: C&O Canal, Delaware and Chesapeake Canal, Dismal Swamp Project. Pushed for national university, federal funding for scientific expeditions and building of national observatory—not supported by Congress |
| Quincy-Adam's Legislation | Harvard educated. Served as Minister to both Netherlands and Russia. U.S. Senator Sec. of State to James Monroe Considered founder of the Whigs Tariff of 1828 ( Tariff of Abominations) was most unfavorable legislation. |
| Monroe Doctrine | Self Government Foreign Regulations Enlargement of Territory Extended settlement |
| Treaty of Ghent | Madison sends Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams and Albert Gallatin to hold peace talks Ends War of 1812. British surrender territory in continental U.S. American gains status as independent nation and one able to hold its own. |
| Hartford Convention | Secret Meetings of Northeastern states to secede from the Union. December 15, 1814-January 4, 1815 |
| War of 1812 | Caused by violations of the Treaty of Paris. British were impressing soldiers and seizing cargo Stirring up trouble with Indians in the West Great Lakes; coastal Canada Fought during Madison's Presidency |
| Battle of New Orleans | took place on January 8, 1815 and was the final major battle of the War of 1812. Made Andrew Jackson a prominent figure in America. |
| Foreign Relations | Only commercial, not political |
| The Whig Party (1833-56) | Formed in opposition to Jackson and Democrats ( former Democratic Republicans) Pro- strong Congress over strong executive. Pro-modernization: expansion, economic development, internal improvements. Pro- protectionist policies to allow American manufacturing to flourish. |
| The Great Triumvirate | Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, & John C. Calhoun |
| Daniel Webster | Senator from Massachusetts Considered outstanding orator of his day. Supported strong national government and protective tariff. Opposed annexation of Texas because it would create imbalance in slave vs free states; supported Fugitive Slave Law Most Famous Moment: Webster-Haynes Debate over tariff; "liberty and union now and forever, one and inseparable |
| Henry Clay | Senator from Kentucky Known as Great Compromiser or the Great Pacifier; man who brokered Missouri Compromise, helped lower tariff to resolve Nullification Crisis. National Republican who founded Whig Party Supported high tariff, national bank, federal support of internal improvements. Political platform was the American System which united all regions economically of the U.S. as Alexander Hamilton had envisioned |
| John C. Calhoun | Senator from South Carolina Changed from staunch nationalist and supporter of strong federal government, supporter of Clay's American System to become a avid states' rights advocate after election of 1824; initiated Nullification Crisis over tariff of 1828. Supported white supremacy, paternalism, male suffrage and argued slavery was a "positive good." |
| 19th Century Politics | Newspapers became prominent Electoral College decides Prez Popular Vote Regionalism Whigs->weak Prez and strong Congress Politics were like Sports Men could vote w/o owning property |
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