Clinical Procedures Chapter 31
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kristen81783 on February 7, 2011
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83 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Apnea | absence or cessation of breathing |
| Arrhythmia | an abnormality or irregularity in the heart rhythm |
| Bounding | term used to describe a pulse that feels full because of increased power of cardiac contraction or as a result of increased blood volume |
| Bradycardia | a slow heartbeat; a pulse below 60 beats per minute |
| Bradypnea | respirations that are regular in rhythm but slower than normal in rate |
| Cerumen | a waxy secretion in the ear canal; commonly called ear wax |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | a progressive, irreversible lung condition that results in diminished lung capacity |
| Diurnal Rhythm | a pattern of activity or behavior that follows a day-night cycle |
| Dyspnea | difficult or painful breathing |
| Essential Hypertension | elevated blood pressure of unknown cause that develops for no apparent reason; sometimes called primary hypertension |
| Febrile | fever; pertaining to an elevated body temperature |
| Homeostasis | internal adaptation and change in response to environmental factors; multiple functions that attempt to keep the bodys functions in balance |
| Hyperpnea | an increase in the depth of breathing |
| Hypertension | high blood pressure |
| Hyperventilation | abnormally prolonged and deep breathing, usually associated with acute anxiety or emotional tension |
| Hypotension | blood pressure that is below normal |
| Intermittent Pulse | a pulse in which beats occasionally are skipped |
| Orthopnea | a condition in which an individual must sit or stand to breathe comfortably |
| Orthostatic Hypotension | a temporary fall in blood pressure when a person rapidly changes from a recumbent position to a standing position |
| Otitis Externa | inflammation or infection of the external auditory canal (swimmers ear) |
| Peripheral | a term that refers to an area outside of or away from an organ or structure |
| Pulse Deficit | difference between the apical and radial pulse |
| Pulse Pressure | the difference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressures |
| Pyrexia | a febrile condition or fever |
| Rales | abnormal or crackling breath sounds during inspiration |
| Rhonchi | abnormal rumbling sounds on expiration, which indicate airway obstruction by thick secretions or spasms |
| Secondary Hypertension | an elevated blood pressure resulting from another condition, typically kidney disease |
| Sinus Arrhythmia | an irregular heartbeat that originates in the sinoatrial node (pacemaker) |
| Spirometer | an instrument that measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled |
| Stertorous | a term that describes a strenuous respiratory effort marked by a snoring sound |
| Syncope | fainting; a brief lapse in consciousness |
| Tachycardia | a rapid but regular heart rate; one that exceeds 100 beats per minute |
| Tachypnea | a condition marked by rapid, shallow respirations |
| Thready | a term that describes a pulse that is scarcely perceptible |
| Wheezing | a high pitched sound heard on expiration; it indicates obstruction or narrowing of respiratory passages |
| Vertigo | dizziness; a sensation of faintness or an inability to maintain normal balance |
| Temporal, Carotid, Apical, Brachial, Radial, Femoral, Popliteal, Dorsalis Pedis |  |
| Metabolism | the process of chemical and physical change in the body that produces heat |
| Cardinal Signs | vital signs are also referred to as... |
| TPR and BP | the four vital signs abbreviated |
| Anthropometric | measurements including height, weight and other body measurements such as fat composition and head and chest circumferences |
| 60-100 | normal range for adult pulse |
| 12-20 | normal range for adult respirations |
| 100-120/60-80 | normal range for adult blood pressure |
| Heat Lost and Heat Produced | temperature is the balance between what and what |
| Continuous Fever | rises and falls only slightly during the 24 hour period |
| Intermittent Fever | comes and goes, or it spikes then returns to average range |
| Remittent Fever | has great fluctuation but never returns to the average range; constant fever with fluctuating levels |
| Fever of Unknown Origin | a fever over 100.9 F for 3 weeks in adults and 1 week in children without a known diagnosis; FUO |
| Rectal Temperatures | when taken accurately, are approximately 1 degree F higher than oral readings |
| Axillary Temperatures | are approximately 1 degree F lower than accurate oral readings |
| Tympanic | this type of thermometer is used in ear |
| Temporal | this type of thermometer is used on forehead |
| Axillary | this type of thermometer is used in armpit |
| Tempa Dot | most common disposable thermometer |
| Higher | are infants pulse higher or lower than adults? |
| Higher | is a 30 year old patients pulse normally higher or lower than a 60 year old patient? |
| Hypothalamus | temperature regulating center |
| Rate | how fast or slow |
| Volume | how much blood is being circulated |
| Rhythm | equal spacing between beats (too fast, too slow or consistent) |
| Inspiration and Expiration | one complete what and what equals a respiration |
| Myocardium | heart muscle |
| 140 or above | hypertension diagnosis for high blood pressure; systolic |
| 90 or above | hypertension diagnosis for high blood pressure; diastolic |
| 120 to 139 | prehypertension diagnosis number; systolic |
| 80 to 89 | prehypertension diagnosis number; diastolic |
| 90 or below | hypotension diagnosis for blood pressure; systolic |
| 60 or below | hypotension diagnosis for blood pressure; diastolic |
| closest to tympanic membrane | give one advantage to an Aural temp |
| Infants and children | when would we take an apical pulse |
| Rate, Rhythm, Volume of Pulse and Condition of Arterial Wall | 4 characteristics of pulse |
| Rate, Rhythm and Depth | 3 characteristics of respirations |
| Rectal | most accurate way to take a temperature |
| Axillary | least accurate way to take a temperature |
| Red | rectal thermometers are what color |
| Blue | oral thermometers are what color |
| Otitis Externa and Impacted Cerumen | name two reasons you wouldn't take an Aural temperature |
| First Sound Heard, Systolic | phase I of Korotkoff Sounds |
| Last Sound Heard, Diastolic | Phase V of Korotkoff Sounds |
| Cardiac Cycle | sounds are heard through the stethoscope, and gauge readings are taken when the systolic and diastolic sounds are heard |
| Contracting | during the systolic phase the ventricles are... |
| Relaxing | during the diastolic phase the ventricles are... |
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