finance csun
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 California Statistics | student demographics, enrollment growth, expenditures comp. with nation |
| Expenditures | - enrollment projections factors - births, in-migration, new programs, salaries, & student-teacher ratio (class size, most important) |
| Revenues | - enrollment, ADA, COLA, Categorical monies, lottery |
| Budget Estimation | Expenditures, Revenues |
| Categorical Funds | -Categorical Funds are restricted funds for specific purposes only, from both the state and Fed. gov't. (Title I and Child Nutrition largest from Fed. gov't), -require greater restrictions. -Block Grants & Mega Item concept. -Some encroachment for Spec. Ed., Class Size Reduction (also student transportation and food services). |
| Budget Process | -ongoing -public hearing required -most districts use line item budget for general fund -historical/incremental process means using the prior year as the starting point -Program budgeting - PPBS complex process used in past, categorical funds use program budgets more often |
| School Year length | at least 180 days for pupils, Fiscal Year = July 1-June 30 |
| Types of Districts in CA | -most are elementary -unified -Secondary -About 1000 Districts |
| CBO | credential not required in CA., qualifications: -business operations, -collective bargaining, -accounting, economics |
| Funds | -General fund is largest and most active - required for all districts includes both restricted and unrestricted revenues and expenditures (e.g. special education) -there are others such as cafeteria, (also bond interest and redemption, building fund, deferred maintenance, adult education, child development etc.) |
| Taxation | -consumption tax (sales tax, tobacco, gasoline, etc.) -Ad Valorem- "According to Value" Examples: Sales Tax- according to price/cost; Property Tax according to property/market value |
| Student charges by the District | -Student transportation to and from school (except for indigent, SPED), -not for textbooks and supplies or fees for extra-curricular activities. |
| AB1200 | -Why passed: imposes greater fiscal accountability and control on districts and county offices of education - based on bankruptcy of some districts -County school superintendent reviews interim reports to check fiscal solvency |
| SERRANO V. PRIEST | - Calif. Supreme Court Case (1976 - orig. filed in 1968) that held the CA system of funding schools unconstitutional - because its reliance on property taxes made per pupil expenditures unequal. Court ordered that property taxes and per pupil expenditures should be equalized (within a $100 band) |
| PROPOSITION 13 | - An initiative proposition (1978) creating a constitutional amendment to limit property tax increases to 1% a year and limited increases on assessed value to 2% a year. Effect was to shift funding schools from local property taxes to state funding of schools (also cities/counties) Impact on schools - more dependent on the state economy |
| PROPOSITION 98 | - and its amendment "Proposition 111" A constitutional amendment to establish base minimum funding for K-14. It had four provisions and 3 tests modified by Prop. 111. . Prop. 98 also modified the Gann limit. Impact on schools - guaranteed funding, also tied in to the state economy |
| Legislation | -SERRANO V. PRIEST -PROPOSITION 13 -PROPOSITION 98 - and its amendment "Proposition 111" |
| Audits | -annual external audits required (also for student body funds), -reports financial condition, accounting methods, compliance laws |
| Gann Spending Limit | -Approved by voters, 1979, CA Constitutional Amendment -Limits all state agencies, including school districts, to its max level Gann limit -Adjusted annually for changes in population and U.S. CPI (lesser) or CA per capita personal income -Index was changed by Prop 111, (1990) |
| Revenue Limit | -Money (income) received by a District for general education from the state (general purpose money) -Is distributed on a per pupil basis (ADA) -Made up of state funds and local property taxes -Categorical Aid is in addition to the revenue limit funding |
| Student Body Funds | -frequent problems in audits -fund raisers to be approved by principal and student council -value/purpose -to function properly must have: minutes of meetings, constitution (purpose of organization), policies/procedures for officers, fund-raisers, expenditure approval -school boards have legal responsibility for regulations -what are legitimate fund raisers - not recommended are rummage sales, can't raise funds for what school district should buy (e.g. textbooks), raffles are illegal -Food in Elem Schools - to be sold only after the noon meal |
| Maintenance | repairs/replacement (grounds, buildings, equipment) |
| Operations | housekeeping/custodial to keep plants functional; work order system - advantages to keep track of hours and costs |
| Age of CA school buildings | - over half over 30 years old |
| Bonds: | : State (requires simple majority, also for other state facilities such as prisons) and District bonds (require 55% majority), have been inadequate to meet the needs |
| state building fund | - year-round schools get incentives for construction funds |
| Food Services | contracting out not necessarily better, is a separate fund, free/reduced lunch require record keeping, (again, encroachment an issue in some SDs) |
| Reserve for economic uncertainties | -3% for majority of districts in CA -Range 1-5% -1% for LAUSD, 5% for small districts |
| Lottery funds | Not major part of revenues (1-2% of district's budget) |
| Vouchers | -recent trend - provide parents options -related to choice, political issue, -critiqued as not being in accord with democratic (not party definition) tradition of public education in America |
| Budget Accounts | Account codes are prescribed by the state and found in the California School Accounting Manual. Account codes have 6 elements: fund/group, resource, project year, goal, function, and object/services. |
| Expenditures | are shown in the series 1000-7000 - 1000's are certified personnel, 2000's are classified personnel, 3000's benefits, 4000's books and supplies, 5000's are services and other operating expenditures, 6000's capital outlay, 7000's other outgo. |
| Salaries and Benefits | are the largest expenditures (85 + %). |
| Revenues | are placed in 8000 series. |
| Budget forms and areas | are prescribed by the CA Dept of Educ. and are uniform across the state |
| Food Sales | are restricted and regulated - e.g. in elementary schools may be sold after the noon meal- authorized by School Board |
| Special Education costs | -3-7 times higher than regular education -student encroachment currently 20-25% |
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