2) water and pH
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Created by:
clairecummings91 on February 9, 2011
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 polarized | water is this kind of molecule |
| oxygen | the shared electrons in water's molecule spend more time in this atom's orbit |
| oxygen | highly electronegative portion of water molecule |
| polar covalent bond | type of covalent bonding with an unequal sharing of electrons (found between O and H in water) |
| hydrogen bonds | type of bond that forms when one molecule has a partially positive hydrogen atom and the other molecule has a partially negative charge. (found between water molecules) |
| break | what do hydrogen bonds do when they are in water? |
| dissociate | what happens if ionic molecules go into water? (because they are more attracted to water molecules) |
| electrolytic | when a solution has ions in it and is able to conduct electricity |
| water is the universal solvent | PROPERTY OF WATER. most substances dissolve in water because most substances are either ions or polar covalent molecules. attract to the polar molecule BIO: chemical reactions occur more efficiently when molecules are dissolved |
| water is cohesive and adhesive | PROPERTY OF WATER. water is attracted to other water molecules (cohesive) and most other substances (adhesive) because it is polar and attracted to itself & other things if they have charges BIO: helps blood and sap flow through animals and plants |
| water resists changes in temperature | PROPERTY OF WATER. it takes a large amount of energy to change the temperature of water because it requires breaking hydrogen bonds to move molecules BIO: aquatic animals maintain homeostasis |
| water resists change of state to a gas | PROPERTY OF WATER. takes a lot of energy to evaporate because hydrogen bonds must break and requires energy BIO: sweating cools you down |
| water becomes less dense when it freezes | PROPERTY OF WATER. ice is "lighter" than water because the lattice structure forces water molecules further apart. BIO: helps fish |
| H+ and OH- | positive ion and negative ion formed when water molecule breaks apart |
| one | in pure water, this many OH- for every H+ |
| pH | measures hydroxide and hydrogen ions in a solution. (OH- and H+) |
| 7 | neutral pH |
| H+ | greater in concentration of acidic solution |
| OH- | greater in concentration of basic solution |
| acids | substances that release hydrogen ions and lower the pH 0-7 |
| bases | substances that release the hydroxide ions and increase the pH 7-14 |
| lowers the pH | adding HCl to water does this to the pH |
| raises the pH | adding NaOH to water does this to the pH |
| does not change the pH | adding NaCl to water does this to the pH |
| buffer | helps maintain pH and homeostasis. combination of chemicals with excess OH- and H+ ions to keep blood from getting too. |
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