5 Written Questions

1. homologous structures, analogous structures, vestigial structures, embryological development
2. Carolus Linnaeus
3. common descent, fossil evidence, biogeographical evidence, anatomical evidence, biochemical evidence
4. NO REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; directional: occurs when extreme phenotype is favored, curve shifts that direction; disruptive: occurs when extreme phenotypeS are favored, more than distinct form
5. eye formation gene

5 Matching Questions

1. Biological species concept
2. What are the 4 conditions of natural selection?
3. Hybrid sterility
4. 4 things that continental drift explains
5. Founder effect & cause

1. a why the coastlines of several continents are mirror images, unique distribution patterns of several fossils, why some fossils are found on different continents, why aus., s. america, & africa have distinctive mammels
2. b members of one species interbreed and have shared gene pool, and each species is reproductively isolated from every other species
3. c example of genetic drift where rare alleles or combinations occur i higher frequency in a population isolated from the general population; due to founding individuals containing a fraction of total genetic diversity; ex: dwarfism
4. d 1. members of a population have random but heritable variations (some good/some bad) 2. in a population, many more individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support 3. some individuals have adaptive characteristics that enable them to survive and reproduce better (differential reproductive success) 4. the result of natural selection is a population adapted to it's local environment
5. e occurs when the hybrid offspring are sterile (ex: mules)

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. tectonic, oceanic, climatic
   1. probable causes of 5 known mass extinctions
   2. Gene flow & effects
   3. 4 main types of anatomical evidence
   4. 3 modes of speciation
2. any structural, functional, or behavioral characteristic that prevents successful reproduction from occurring
   1. Reproductive isolating mechanism
   2. What is catastrophism?
   3. Adaptive radiation
   4. Population
3. allopatric, adaptive radiation, & sympatric
   1. 3 modes of speciation
   2. Adaptive radiation
   3. Adaptation
   4. Allopatric speciation
4. states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if conditions are met.
   1. Hardy-Weinberg principle
   2. Hybrid sterility
   3. 5 Conditions of Hardy-Weinberg principle
   4. Adaptive radiation
5. when hybrids (offspring of 2 different species) do not live to reproduce
   1. Hybrid sterility
   2. Paleontology
   3. Zygote mortality
   4. Gene pool

5 True/False Questions

1. What 2 animals did Darwin study the most & where did they live? → 1. members of a population have random but heritable variations (some good/some bad) 2. in a population, many more individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support 3. some individuals have adaptive characteristics that enable them to survive and reproduce better (differential reproductive success) 4. the result of natural selection is a population adapted to it's local environment

   True        False

2. 5 Conditions of Hardy-Weinberg principle → states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population if conditions are met.

   True        False

3. Adaptation → a trait that helps an organism be more suited to its environment; increase in each succeeding generation

   True        False

4. Adaptive radiation → type of allopatric speciation and occurs when a single ancestral species gives rise to a variety of species, each adapted to a specific environment

   True        False

5. What are the gradualistic and punctuated equilibrium models? → gradualistic: speciation occurs after populations become isolated, each group continuing slowly on its own evolutionary pathway, gradually gives rise to 2 separate species. punctuated: explain the pace of evolution
   ---look up diagram---

   True        False