Chapter 6 Integumentary System
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Created by:
rkrausejr77 on February 11, 2011
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Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Integumentary System | the skin and its appendages |
| Functions of the Integumentary System | 1. Regulates body temperature 2. protects body 3. eliminates waste product through perspiration 4. receives certain stimuli; temperature, pressure, pain |
| Integumentary system protects against | Mechanical, chemical, and bacterial damage, ultraviolet radiation and dessication |
| Dessication | drying out |
| 2 layers of skin | Epidermis, Dermis |
| Epidermis | The outer layer of the skin |
| Dermis | inner layer of skin |
| Hypodermis | It is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in it are Fibroblasts, Adipose Cells, and Macrophages |
| Characterization of Epidermis | Avascular, Keratin |
| Keratinocytes | produce keratin, tough |
| Stratum Basale | deepest layer of epidermis |
| Stratum Corneum | the outermost layer of the epidermis consisting of dead cells that slough off |
| Melanocyte | cell that produces melanin |
| Melanin | a pigment that gives the skin its color |
| Imbalances of Melanin | leather skin, skin cancer |
| Characterization of Dermis | varies in thickness 2 layers: Papillary and Reticular Layer |
| Papillary Layer | Blood supply, sensory receptors, finger prints |
| Reticular Layer | deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients; contains cells, vessels, glands, and follicles |
| Collagen | tough and inelastic protein substance attracts h2o in connective tissue |
| Elastic fiber | fiber that allows for stretch |
| Skin Color | Melanin, Carotene-orange, Oxygen-red |
| Imbalances of skin color | Cynosis, Jaundice, Redness, and Pallor |
| Cynosis | blue, heart failure, breathing disorder |
| Jaundice | yellowish, liver disorder, yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes, frequently caused by liver or gallbladder disease |
| Redness | fever |
| Pallor | unusual or extreme paleness, as from fear, ill health, or death low blood pressure |
| Cutaneous Glands | all are exocrine; release secretions to skin surface; sebaceous and sweat glands |
| Sebaceous Gland | Oil-forming glands found all over the body, especially on the face and neck. The product (sebum) is released to the skin surface through hair follicles. |
| Sudoriferous Gland | sweat glands, eccrine and apocrine |
| Eccrine Gland | Most numerous gland, produces true sweat, regulate body temperature, acidic |
| Apocrine Gland | Confined to axillary, anal and genital area, produces smelly sweat, fatty acid rich |
| Hair | outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin |
| Matrix of Hair | dividing epithelial cells which cause hair growth |
| Arrector Pilli | tiny muscles, attached to hair follicles, that pull hair upright during fright or cold |
| Matrix | Division of epithelial cells |
| Classification of burns | -first -second -third |
| First Degree Burn | involves only the epidermis. Partial thickness burn |
| Second Degree Burn | destroys the epidermis and part of the dermis; characterized by pain, blisters, swelling, and discoloration. |
| Third Degree Burn | full-thickness burn; the most severe; may require skin graft |
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