Unit 1 and 2 Biology 1
About this set
Created by:
iluvcaramel on February 13, 2011
Subjects:
biology, variables, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
Description:
Biology 1 Unit 1 and 2 Terms, Holland Christian Bredeweg
Classes:
Maroons!!!!, Mrs. Kamps' 8th Grade Class
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Observation | use of one of more of the senses-sight, hearing, touch, smell, and sometimes taste-to gather information. |
| Inference | logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience. |
| theory | well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations |
| hypothesis | possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question. |
| controlled variables | factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely keeps the same |
| independent variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as a responding variable. |
| dependent variable | factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change because of the manipulated variable; also known as a responding variable. |
| fact | A piece of information known to be true because it has been verified by observation or measurement, NOT based on inference. |
| scientific method | a method of investigation involving observation and theory to test scientific hypotheses |
| hypotheses | a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations |
| EDD | a diagram used by scientists, to design an experiment. |
| glossary | an alphabetical list of technical terms |
| index | an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed |
| bias | a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation |
| sources | people or documents from which you get information |
| natural laws | principles that govern nature |
| homeostasis | process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment |
| acid | compound that forms hydrogens (H+) in solution |
| base | compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution |
| pH | the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0-14 |
| H+ concentration | pH measures this-the acidity or alkalinity of a solution |
| organic compound | any compound of carbon and another element or a radical, covalent bonding, can be large with many atoms, associated with living things |
| molecule | smallest unit of most compounds |
| polymerization | a chemical reaction in which monomers are binded together |
| polymer | large compound formed from combinations of many monomers |
| carbohydrate | compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body |
| monomer | small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers |
| mono/di/polysaccharide | sugar molecules |
| hydrolysis | a chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds |
| dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |
| lipids | macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes |
| fat | lipid; made up of fatty acids and glycerol |
| hydrogenated/trans fats | hydrogen has been added to liquid oils in order to make lid fats |
| saturated fat | fat in which all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms |
| unsaturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms |
| phospholipid | any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base |
| sterols/steroids | A type of lipid based on cholesterol; includes testosterone and estrogen. |
| protein | macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes |
| amino acid | compound with amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end |
| enzyme | protein that acts as a biological catalyst |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
| substrate | reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction |
| active site | the part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occurs |
| nucleic acid | macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus |
| nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |
| DNA/RNA | types of nucleic acids |
| cellulose | a polysaccharide that is the chief constituent of all plant tissues and fibers |
| maltose | a white crystalline sugar formed during the digestion of starches |
| sucrose | a complex carbohydrate found in many plants and used as a sweetening agent (glucose+fructose) |
| starch | A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose |
| glycogen | The form in which the liver and muscles store glucose; the animal equivalent of starch. |
| lactose | a sugar comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule |
| glucose | a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger. |
| salivary amylase | in mouth, released by salivary glands and begins chemical breakdown of starch |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.