Lecture final 5 (the heart)
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Created by:
M-Shepherd on February 13, 2011
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Conduction through the heart |  |
| Bloodflow through the heart |  |
| failure to sense | when the patients pacemaker does not sense the patientts own cardiac rhythm and initiates an electrical impulse. a pace maker spike falls closely to the patients own rhythm, earleer than the programed rate. |
| loss of capture | occurs when a pacing artifact is not followed by an atrial or a ventricular complex |
| P wave | atrial depolarization, <0.12 |
| PR Interval |  is the portion of the EKG wave from the beginning of the P wave ( onset of atrial depolarization) to the beginning of the QRS complex ( onset of ventricular depolarization). It is normally 0.12 - 0.20 seconds. |
| S1 | heart sound, known as lubb; marks the start of the ventricular contraction. |
| S2 | makes the sound dubb; occurs at the beginning of ventricular filling, when the semilunar valves close |
| S3 and S4 | usually very faint and seldom are audible in healthy adults. normal in child. CHF IN ADULTS. |
| QRS complex | Ventricular depolarization |
| PR segment |  END of Pwave to BEGINNING of QRS (atria contracting, delay of propagation at AV node) |
| During systole | both AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) are closed, aortic valves are open. |
| During diastole | both atrioventricular valves are open, and the aortic valves are closed. |
| SA node | 60-100 bpm |
| AV node | 40-60 bpm |
| ventricles | 20-40 bpm |
| pericardium | a double-layered serous membrane that surrounds the heart |
| visceral pericardium | covers and ADHERES closely to outer heart surface. |
| parietal pericardium | lines inner surface of pericardial sac. |
| ST segment | ventricular repolarization |
| QT interval | measured from the Q to the end of the T. represents ventricle depolarization |
| myocardium | muscular wall of the heart, forms both atria and ventricles |
| epicardium | is the visceral pericardium that covers the outer surface of the heart |
| endocardium | inner surfaces of the heart, including those of the heart valves |
| Chambers of the heart | right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle |
| Heart Layers | pericardium, visceral pericardium, parietal pericardium |
| right atrium | receives blood from the systemic circuit and passes it to the right ventricle |
| right ventricle | pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit |
| left atrium | collects blood from the pulmonary circuit and empties it into the left ventricle |
| left ventricle | pumps blood into the systemic circuit |
| inter-atrial septum | separates the left atrium from the right atrium |
| inter-ventricular septum | separates the left ventricle from the right ventricle |
| Right artioventricular valve | known as the tricuspid valve where free edge is attached to connective tissue fibers called chordate tendineae |
| right coronary artery | follows the coronary sulcus around the heart, supplies blood to the right atrium, portions of both ventricles, and portions of the sa node and the atrioventricular node |
| left coronary artery | supplies blood to the left ventricle, left atrium, intervetricular septum |
| stroke volume | how much blood is pumped with each heartbeat` |
| cardiac output | volume of blood pumped by one ventricle per minute |
| papillary muscles | responsible for pulling the atrioventricular valves closed by means of the chordae tendineae |
| chordae tendineae | "heart strings" are tiny white collagenic cords that anchor the cusps to the ventricular walls. They originate from the papillary muscles are only located on TRICUSPID AND MITRAL VALVES. |
| Twave | Ventricular Repolarization |
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