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Incorporation Doctrine
| The legal policy by which the U.S. Bill of Rights is applied to the actions of state and local governments through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. |
Due Process of Law
| This guarantees that every citizen be protected from actions of the government by requiring specific legal procedures to be followed. This guarantee is found in the 5th and 14th Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. |
Civil Law
| A body of laws governing the relationships between individuals, and/or groups) but not related to criminal conduct. For example: fulfillment of contracts, payment of bills, business arrangements, property rights, marriage and divorce. |
14th Amendment
| This guarantees equal protection under the law to all citizens and applies to the Bill of Rights to state and local government through the process of incorporation. |
Contract
| A set of voluntary promises, enforceable by the law, between two or more parties. This binding agreement may be written or oral. |
Defendant
| The person whom a civil or criminal case is brought against in a court. |
Arbitration
| A means of settling a dispute in which the people involved bring their sides of the story to a neutral third pary and agree to obey his or her decision. |
5th Amendment
| This states that no one shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, and includes protections against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and government seizure of property without just compensation (payment). |
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