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Presumption of Innocence
| In criminal law, the principle that a person is not guilty of committing a crime until he or she has been found guilty in a court of law. |
Procedural Due Process
| Principle that prohibits unfair or unreasonable enforcement of the law, and also provides safeguards to ensure that rights are protected by law enforcement. |
Substantive Due Process
| Certain rights of individuals in the application of the laws, some that are specified in the Constitution (like free speech) and some that are not specified (like the right to privacy). |
Prosecutor
| The attorney who represents the government in a criminal trial who presents evidence in an effort to convict a defendant. |
Out of Court Settlement
| When the parties and/or their attorneys in a civil dispute negotiate and work out an agreement to resolve their dispute without using the judicial system. |
Tort
| A wrongful act, other than breech of contract, for which the injured party has the right to sue. |
Mediation
| Process in which an outsider is brought into a dispute negotiation with the hope that this person can lead the two dies to a volutary agreement throught persuasion. |
Petit Jury
| A group of persons (usually 12 or 6) who reach a verdict (decision) in a court trial. |
Subpoena
| A court order for a person to appear and give testimony and/or to produce documents or other requested materials. |
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