| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Nationalism | the policy or doctrine of asserting the interests of one's own nation, viewed as separate from the interests of other nations or the common interests of all nations. |
| Confederation of the Rhine | lasted from 1806 to 1813 and was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon after he defeated Austria's Francis II and Russia's Alexander I in the Battle of Austerlitz. |
| Zollverein | union of German states for the maintenance of a uniform tariff on imports from other countries, and of free trading among themselves. |
| Otto von Bismarck | first chancellor of modern German Empire 1871–90. |
| Realpolitik | political realism or practical politics, esp. policy based on power rather than on ideals. |
| Franco-Prussian War | the war between France and Prussia, 1870–71. |
| Liberalism | a political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development in all spheres of human endeavor, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties. |
| Rotten Boroughs | a parliamentary borough or constituency in Great Britain and Ireland which had a very small population and was "controlled" and used by a patron to exercise undue and unrepresentative influence within parliament |
| Reform Act of 1832 | an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of the United Kingdom. According to its preamble, the act was designed to "take effectual Measures for correcting diverse Abuses that have long prevailed in the Choice of Members to serve in the Commons House of Parliament. |
| Benjamin Disraeli | 1804–81, British statesman and novelist: prime minister 1868, 1874–80. |
| William Gladstone | liberal British statesman who served as prime minister four times (1809-1898) |
| Conservatism | the disposition to preserve or restore what is established and traditional and to limit change. |
| Concert of Europe | An agreement or understanding between the chief European powers to take only joint action in the (European) Eastern Question. |
| Clemens von Metternich | a German-Austrian politician and statesman and was one of the most important diplomats of his era. |
| Socialism | A political and economic theory that goods should be shared equally among the population rather than being assigned because of birth or talent. |
| Friedrich Engels | 1820–95, German socialist in England: collaborated with Karl Marx in systematizing Marxism. |
| Karl Marx | 1818–83, German economist, philosopher, and socialist. |
| The Communist Manifesto | A book in which Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels proclaimed the principles of communism. |
| Communism | a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. |
| Proletariat | the class of wage earners, esp. those who earn their living by manual labor or who are dependent for support on daily or casual employment; the working class. |
| Charles Darwin | 1809–82, English naturalist and author. |
| Romanticism | the Romantic style or movement in literature and art, or adherence to its principles |
| Cult of Domesticity—The Feminine Ideal | a prevailing view among middle and upper class white women during the nineteenth century, in Great Britain and the United States. |
| Realism | interest in or concern for the actual or real, as distinguished from the abstract, speculative, etc. |
| Anarchism | a doctrine urging the abolition of government or governmental restraint as the indispensable condition for full social and political liberty. |
| Education | the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. |
| Consumerism | a modern movement for the protection of the consumer against useless, inferior, or dangerous products, misleading advertising, unfair pricing, etc. |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace