Unit 2 USH
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Created by:
Prettyeyes012 on February 14, 2011
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83 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Scientific Management | A method of studying and improving efficiency |
| Assembly Line | Used by Henry Ford to assemble cars more efficiently |
| Consumer Revolution | A period of time when a large number of new goods became widely available |
| Installment Buying | A type of credit in which a small down payment is followed by monthly payments |
| Buying on Margin | System of buying stocks in which a buyer pays a small percentage of the purchase price while the broker advances the rest |
| Bull Market | A period of rising stocks |
| Andrew Mellon | President Harding signaled his administration's economic direction when he appointed this person as Secretary of the Treasury |
| Herbert Hoover | Served as Secretary of Commerce under Harding; United States President from 1929 to 1933 |
| Washing Naval Disarmament Conference | World leaders used this to limit international construction of warships |
| Dawes Plan | Arranged for U.S. loans to Germany |
| Calvin Coolidge | The national economy boomed under him |
| Bootlegger | Sold illegal alcohol to consumers |
| Charlie Chaplin | Played a popular character called "The Little Tramp" in silent films |
| Flapper | The symbol of the "New Woman" of the 1920s |
| F. Scot Fitzgerald | Jay Gatsby was a literary creation of this writer |
| Babe Ruth | Was the baseball home run king in the 1920's |
| Jazz Singer | The first movie to have sound synchronized with the action |
| Louis Armstrong | A popular jazz trumpeter of the 1920's |
| Zora Neale Hurston | Collected and published folk tales of her native Florida |
| Bessie Smith | Popular blues singer of the 1920's |
| Langston Hughes | Jamaican-born African American who organized a "Back to Africa" movement |
| Harlem Renaissance | Outpouring of African American culture |
| Great Depression | A time of economic downturn and high employment between 1929 and 1941 |
| Business Cycle | The periodic expansion and contraction of the economy |
| Speculation | A risky stock purchase intended to turn quick profits |
| Hawley-Smoot Tariff | A tax passed in 1930 on foreign products |
| Black Tuesday | The time at which the stock market collapsed in the Great Crash |
| Okies | Dust Bowl refugees from the Great Plains headed west in search of work |
| Hoovervilles | Makeshift shantytowns of tents and shacks where many homeless people lived together |
| Tenant Farmers | Lived on and worked land owned by someone else |
| Repatriation | Local, state, and federal governments tried to coerce Mexican immigrants to return to Mexico |
| Bread Line | Line of people waiting for food handouts from charities or public agencies |
| Dust Bowl | Term used for the central and southern Great Plains during the 1930s when the region suffered from drought and dust storms |
| Douglas MacArthur | General who exceeded his orders by using tear-gas and fixed bayonets to remove the Bonus Army from Washington |
| Bonus Army | Group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., in 1922 to demand early payment of a bonus |
| Hoover Dam | Dam on the Colorado River that was built during the Great Depression |
| Localism | Policy relied on by President Hoover in the early years of the Depression whereby local and state governments act as primary agents of economic relief |
| Trickle-down Economics | Economic theory that holds that money lent to banks and businesses will trickle down to consumers |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation | Federal agency set up by Congress in 1932 to provide emergency government credit to banks, railroads, and other large businesses |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | Became the President's "eyes and ears" during the first New Deal |
| Charles Coughlin | Priest who criticized the New Deal |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | Signed into law fifteen pieces of legislation in the first hundred days of office |
| Huey Long | Introduced a "Share Our Wealth" program |
| FDIC | Program to insure bank deposits |
| TVA | Built a series of dams to generate electric power |
| WPA | Helped build and improve the nation's highways |
| Pump Printing | Putting money in the hands of consumers so that they can buy more goods in order to stimulate the economy |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | Established a minimum wage and a maximum workweek of 44 hours when it was passed in 1938 |
| Court Packing | President Roosevelt was accused of his when he attempted to increase the number of Justices on the Supreme Court |
| John Maynard Keynes | A British economist who believed that deficit spending was necessary to provide the necessary relief from the depression |
| Indian New Deal | Provided funding for the construction of new schools and hospitals |
| Murals | Artists painted these on the sides of public buildings to celebrate the people who helped build the nation |
| Frank Capra | A director who made movies that showed the strength of average Americans |
| Lillian Hellman | A playwright from the 1930's who wrote socially conscious plays that featured strong female roles |
| War of the Worlds | Was a radio that caused panic |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact | 1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war |
| Modernism | Artistic and literary movement sparked by a break with past conventions |
| Scope Trials | 1925 trial of a Tennessee school teacher for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution |
| Quota System | Arrangement that limited the number of immigrants who could enter the United States from specific countries |
| Prohibition | The forbidding by law of the manufacture, transport, and sale of alcohol |
| Volstead Act | Law enacted by Congress to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment |
| "Lost Generation" | Term for American writers of the 1920s marked by disillusion with World War I and a search for a new sense of meaning |
| Mass Production | Production of goods in large numbers through the use of machinery and assembly lines |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | Scandal during the Harding administration in which the Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to private oilmen in return for bribes |
| Fundamentalism | Movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principles |
| Ku Klux Klan | Organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups |
| 18th Amendment | Constitutional amendment banning the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol in the United States |
| Marcus Garvey | Thought of alternative solutions to accepting white supremacy |
| Overproduction | Slows down the industry; without markets for goods, producing more is just silly |
| Underconsumption | The using up of goods and services having an exchangeable value |
| Civilian Conservation Corps | New Deal program that provided young men with relief jobs on environmental conservation projects, including reforestation (CCC) |
| Second New Deal | Legislative activity begun by FDR in 1935 to solve problems created by the Great Depression |
| Social Security Act | 1935 law that set up a pension system for retirees, established unemployment insurance, and created insurance for victims of work related accidents, and also provided aid for poverty-stricken mothers, children, the blind, and the disabled |
| Congress of Industrial Organization | Labor organization founded in the 1930s that represented industrial workers (CIO) |
| Welfare State | Government that assumes responsibility for providing for the welfare of the poor, elderly, sick, and unemployed |
| Federal Art Project | Division of the Works Progress Administration that hired unemployed artists to create artworks for public buildings and sponsored art-education programs and exhibitions |
| Fireside Chat | Informal radio broadcast in which FDR explained issues and New Deal programs to average Americans |
| National Recovery Administration | New Deal agency that promoted economic recovery by regulating production, prices, and wages |
| Works Progress Administration | Key New Deal agency that provided work relief through various public-works project (WPA) |
| Wagner Act | New Deal law that abolished unfair labor practices, recognized the right of employees to organize labor unions, and gave workersthe right to collective bargaining |
| Sit-down Strike | Labor protest in which workers stop working and occupy the workplace until their demands are met |
| Black Cabinet | Group of African American leaders who served as unofficial advisers to Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| New Deal Coalition | Political force formed by diverse groups who united to support Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal |
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