Islam review
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Muslim | a believer or follower of Islam |
| Arabian peninsula | east of egypt, south of israel, birth place of muhammad, red sea, indian ocean, persian gulf |
| shiek | the head of an Arab tribe |
| Muhammad | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) |
| Mecca | the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace |
| Medina | City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca. (p. 231) |
| jihad | a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal |
| ali | the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites |
| abu bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death. |
| sunni | A branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad, a follower of the majority branch of Islam, which feels that successors to Muhammad are to be chosen by the Muslim community |
| shiite | A member of the branch of Islam that supports the descendants of Muhammad as his rightful successors |
| umayaad | First Islamic dynasty. they ruled from Damascus. |
| koran | Holy book of Islam |
| mosque | (Islam) a Muslim place of worship |
| revelation | communication of knowledge to man by a divine or supernatural agency |
| angel gabriel | the angel who came to Muhammad and recited messages from God |
| Kabba | A small, cubical building in the courtyard of the Great Mosque at Mecca containing a sacred black stone: regarded by Muslims as the House of Allah (God). |
| Caliph | a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government |
| Ramadan | Holy month in which believers of Islam must fast during the time the sun is up and pray |
| Indonesia | largest Islamic country in the world |
| Arab | a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa |
| Hajj | the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah |
| Charity | (Zakaah): one of the most important principles of Islam; all things belong to God, and wealth is therefore held by humans in trust. It means both purification and growth. Our possessions are purified by setting aside a proportion for those in need. Each calculates their own zakat personally; for most, it involves the payment of two and half percent of one's capital. |
| shari'ah | the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed |
| hijrah | Muhammad's migration from Mecca to (Yathrib) Medina |
| five pillars | beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage |
| dowry | money or property brought by a woman to her husband at marriage, a payment (gift) of money or property to the bride in the ISlamic religion. Islam permits up to 4 wives |
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