Cardiovascular System
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147 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arter/o, arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | yellowish plaque |
| atri/o | atrium |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cardi/o, coron/o | heart |
| cholester/o | cholesterol |
| cyan/o | blue |
| isch/o | blockage |
| myx/o | mucus |
| ox/o | oxygen |
| pericardi/o | pericardium |
| capn/o | carbon dioxide |
| phleb/o | vein |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| steth/o | chest |
| thromb/o | clot |
| therm/o | heat |
| valvul/o, vas/o, vascul/o | vascular |
| ven/o, ven/i | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle |
| -constriction | narrowing |
| -crit | to separate |
| -dilation | widening, expanding, streching |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -sclerosis | hardening |
| peri- | surrounding |
| inter- | between |
| intra- | within |
| de- | lack of |
| ac- | pertaining to |
| apheresis | blood drawn, components removed, serum returned to body |
| epicardium | outer covering of heart |
| pericardium | Double walled membrane of heart, visceral and parietal layers with fluid between |
| myocardium | middle, thick layer of heart |
| endocardium | inner layer of heart |
| arteries | take oxygenated blood away from heart, to body |
| veins | bring deoxygenated blood toward heart |
| capillaries | smallest vessels, point of gas and nutrient exchange |
| lumen | inside of vessel, opening |
| patent | open lumen, |
| occluded | closed, blocked lumen |
| aneurysm | ballooning out of vessel wall |
| abdominal aortic aneurysm | AAA, in descending aorta, very common form of aneurysm |
| microaneurysm | aneurysm in brain |
| ateriosclerosis | hardening of arteries |
| peripheral arterial occlusive diease | PAD, blood blockages in arteries of arms and legs, plaque buildup |
| intermittent claudication | form of PAD, excessive pain from lack of oxygen in legs, pain comes and goes |
| raynaud's phenomenon | form of PAD, cold hands and feet, extremities change colors |
| chronic venous insufficiency | thickening ankles and discoloration |
| pitting | test, poke finger in ankle/skin and check if indentation remains |
| phlebitis | inflammation of vein |
| varicose veins | (singular = varix), swollen veins, backflow of blood, treat with compression stockings or sclerotherapy |
| sclerotherapy | harden vein and take out of body |
| thrombus | clots plants in vessel |
| thombotic occlusion | block in lumen, kills tissue |
| deep vein thrombosis | DVT, clot deep inside veins (legs), from sitting in one place for a long long time |
| embolus | something inserted like plaque, air or fat |
| leaflets | tissue that make up valves |
| systematic circulation | blood goes out to body systems |
| pulmonary circulation | blood to lungs, pick up oxygen |
| perfusion | when tissues receive oxygen |
| cyanosis | blue skin, extremities don't get enough oxygen |
| SVC | superior vena cava |
| IVC | inferior vena cava |
| tricuspid valve | between right atrium and ventricle |
| pulmonary valve | between right ventricle and pulmonary artery |
| mitral valve | between left atrium and ventricle |
| aortic valve | between left ventricle and aorta |
| diastole | heart relaxation |
| systole | heart contraction |
| auscultation | listening |
| palpation | to touch and feel |
| lub | close mitral and tricuspid valves |
| dub | close aortic and pulmonary valves |
| murmur | abnormal heart sound from improper valve closure |
| bruit | extra sound on auscultation, from venous or atrial origin |
| incompetent valves | backwash of blood in mitral valve |
| competent valves | valves that work properly |
| vegetations | growths on heart valves, result in RHD, make heart leak |
| Rheumatic Heart Disease | RHD, sequela of rheumatic fever |
| sinoatrial node | SA, pacemaker, impulse to start heartbeat |
| atrioventricular node | AV, sends excited impulse to bundle of his |
| asystole | absence of contraction |
| NSR | normal sinus rhythm, normal heartbeat |
| blood pressure | force of blood on arterial walls |
| sphygmomanometer | measures bp |
| dyscrasia | "bad mixing", high blood viscosity |
| ABGs | arterial blood gases |
| septicemia | blood poisoning |
| arrhythmia | abnormal rhythm |
| atrioventricular block | block between SA and AV nodes, results in bradycardia |
| palpitation | irregular, rapid heart beat |
| flutter | rapid, coordinated rhythm, 180-300 bpm |
| fibrilation | uncoordinated rapid heart beats, 300-500 bpm |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| PAT | paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, abnormal fast heartbeat |
| ventricular tachycardia | fast ventricle |
| CAD | coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, |
| ACS | acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina pectoris, heart attack |
| pnea | breathing |
| myocardial infarction | MI, heart attack |
| diaphrosis | sweating |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass grafting, take vessel from another body part and reroute |
| PCI | percutaneous coronary intervention, or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), balloon angioplasty |
| anastomosis | surgical union of two tubal structures |
| congestive heart failure | CHF, heart is unable to pump required amount of blood; from high bp, CAD; bring foot swelling, orthopnea, congestion in extremities |
| orthopnea | straight breathing, unable to lay straight because of too much fluid, need to take diuretics |
| CoA | Coarctation of Aorta, aorta narrows |
| PDA | Patent Ductus Arteriosus, ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth |
| ASD/VSD | Atrial/Ventricular Septal Defects, hole between chambers |
| tetralogy of Fallot | congenital, low oxygen in blood, lead to cyanosis |
| cath | catheter |
| LDL | Low Density Lipoprotein |
| BBB | Blood Brain Barrier |
| CVP | Central Venous Pressure |
| ICD | Implantable Cardioverter-Difibrilator |
| LVAD | Left Ventricular Assist Device, maintain heart pumping |
| MVP | Mitral Valve Prolapse, mitral valve cusps into atrium, regurgitation |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| angioma | tumor composed of blood vessels |
| cardiac catheterization | put catheter in vessel and look around |
| crepitice | air in tissue |
| atheroma | deposit of plaque in arterial wall |
| infarct | lack of blood supply |
| aneurysm | ballooning of arterial wall |
| lymphangioma | benign tumor of abnormal lymphatic cells |
| antiarrhythmic | medication that controls irregular heartbeat |
| histologist | treats blood and blood forming tissue |
| hematocytopenia | deficiency of blood cells |
| lymphadenitis | inflammation of lymph glands |
| endocarditis | inflammation of inner heart lining, vegetations of mitral valve |
| dysrhythmia | abnormal variation in heart rhythm |
| thromboid aneurysm | bulging wall of artery as it expands around clot |
| cardiomyopathy | disorder of heart muscle |
| angina | suffocating chest pain associated with CAD |
| lymphangiogram | x-ray of lymphatic vessels |
| endarterectomy | excision of thickened interior part of artery to clear blockage from plaque or clot |
| thrombolytic therapy | medication to dissolve clots |
| arteriospasm | spasm of artery |
| arteriolitis | inflammation of arteriole |
| phleborrhaphy | suture of vein |
| trans | across |
| echocardiography | ultrasound assessment of heart |
| cardiovalvulitis | inflammation of heart and valves |
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