| Term | Definition |
|---|
| back brushing | technique used to build a soft cushion or mesh two or more curl patterns together or a uniform and smooth comb out; also called ruffing |
| back combing | combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp, causing shorter hair to mat at the scalp and form a cushion or base; also called teasing, ratting, matting, or french lacing |
| barrel curls | pin curls with large center openings, fastened to the head in a standing position on a rectangular base |
| base | stationary, or nonmoving, foundation of a pin curl, which is the area closest to the scalp; the panel of hair on which a roller is placed |
| blow dry styling | technique of drying and styling damp hair in a single operation |
| carved curls | pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head |
| cascade or stand up curls | pin curls fastened to the head in a standing position to allow the hair to flow upward and then downward |
| circle | the part of the pin curl that forms a complete circle; also, the hair that is wrapped around the roller |
| closed center curls | pin curls that produce waves that get smaller toward the end |
| curl | hair that is wrapped around the roller; also called circle |
| concentrator | nozzle attachment of a blow dryer; directs the air stream to any section of the hair more intensely |
| diffuser | blow dryer attachment that causes the hair to flow more softly and helps to accentuate or keep texural definition |
| double press | technique of passing a hot curling iron through through the hair before performing a hot press |
| end curls | used to give a finished appearance to hair ends either turned under or over |
| finger waving | process of shaping and directing the hair into a pattern of "s" shaped waves through the use of the fingers, combs, and waving lotions |
| finishing spray | hairspray used to lock in a style after completion |
| foam or mousse | a light, airy, whipped styling product the resembles shaving foam and builds moderate body and volume into the hair |
| full base curls | thermal curls that sit in the center of their base; strong curls with full volume |
| full stem curl | curl placed completely off the base; allows for the greatest mobility |
| gel | thickened styling preperation that comes in a tube or bottle and has strong hold |
| hair pressing | method of teporarily straightening extremely curly or unruly hair by means of a heated iron or comb |
| hair spray | a styling product applied in the form of a mist to hold a style in position; available in a variety of holding strengths |
| hair wrapping | a technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight |
| half base | position of a curl or a roller one half off its base, giving medium volume and movement |
| half base curls | thermal curls placed half off their base; strong curls with moderate lift or volume |
| half stem curl | curl placed half off the base; permits medium movement and gives good control to the hair |
| hair press | technique that removes 100 percent of the curl by applying the pressing comb twice on each side of the hair |
| indentation | the point where curls of opposite directions meet forming a recessed area |
| liquid gels or texurizers | styling products that are lighter and more viscous or sticky than firm hold gels, used for easy styling, defining, and molding |
| medium press | technique removing 60 to 75 percent of the curl by applying a thermal pressing comb once on each side of the hair using slightly more pressure than in the soft press |
| no stem curl | curl placed directly on its base; produces a tight, firm, long lasting curl and allows minimum mobility |
| off base | the position of a curl or a roller completely off its base for maximum mobility and minimum volume |
| off base curls | thermal curls placed completely off their base; have only slight lift or volume |
| on base | position of a curl or roller directly on its base for maximum volume; also called full base |
| open center curls | pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls |
| pomade or wax | styling products that add considerable weight to the hair by causing strands to join together, showing seperation in the hair |
| ribboning | technique of forcing the hair between the thumb and the back of the comb to create tension |
| ridge curls | pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a wave |
| rod | round, solid prong of a thermal iron |
| shaping | sections of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls |
| shell | the clamp that presses the hair against the barrel or rod of a thermal iron |
| silicone | styling product ingredient that adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural deifnition |
| skip waves | two rows of ridge curls, usually on the side of the head |
| soft press | technique of pressing the hair to remove 50 to 60 percent of the curl by applying the thermal pressing comb once on each side of the hair |
| spiral curl | method of curling the hair by winding a strand around the rod |
| stem | section of the pin curl between the base and first arc of the circle that gives the circle its direction and movement; the hair between the scalp and the first turn of the roller |
| straightening gel | styling product applied to damp hair that is wavy, curly, or extremely curly, and then blown dry; relaxes the hair for a smooth, straight look |
| thermal irons | an implement comprised of a rod handle, barrel or rod, and shell that is made of quality steel used to dry hair using heat |
| thermal waving and curling | methods of waving and curling straight or pressed hair using thermal irons and special manipulative curling techniques on dry hair |
| updo | hairstyle in which the hair is arranged up and off the shoulders |
| volume base curls | thermal curls placed very high on their base; provide maximum lift or volume |
| volumizer | styling product that adds volume to the shape, especially at the base, when the hair is blow dryed |
| waving lotion | type of hair gel that makes the hair pliable enough to keep it in place during the finger waving procedure |
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