Zoology Chapter 6
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11 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Aerobic cellular respiration | a cell uses oxygen and the potential energy in the bonds of glucose to generate ATP |
| Glyolysis | breaking sugar; glucose splits into two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvate |
| Pyruvate | the product of glycolysis |
| Krebs cycle | releases all of the carbon in pyruvate as CO2 |
| Electron transport chain | transfers energy-rich electrons from NADH to FADH2 through a series of cytochromes and other membrane proteins |
| ATP synthase | enzyme that forms a channel in the membrane, releasing the protons and using their potential energy to phosphorylate ADP |
| Intermembrane compartment | the area between the two membranes of the mitochondrion |
| Matrix | the area enclosed by the highly folded inner mitochondrial membrane |
| Substrate-level phosphorylation | a high-energy donor molecule (PGAL) physically transfers a phosphate group to ADP |
| Acetyl CoA | the compound that enters the Krebs cycle |
| Chemiosmotic phosphorylation | protons move down their gradient through ATP synthase channels back into the matrix and ADP is phosphorylated to ATP |
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