AP gov chapter 7 vocab
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snowboarder15 on February 21, 2011
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 caucus | A closed meeting of party leaders to select party candidates |
| congressional campaign committee | A committee in each party to help elect or reelect members |
| critical (or realigning) period | Features a sharp, lasting shift in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties |
| Democratic-Republicans | The political party founded and led by Thomas Jefferson |
| factional parties | Parties formed by a split within one of the major parties |
| factions | A name applied by some of the Founders to political parties, to connote their tendency toward divisiveness |
| Federalists | The political party founded and led by Alexander Hamilton |
| ideological parties | Parties that value principle above all else |
| initiative | An election in which citizens can place on the legislative agenda proposals by nongovernment groups |
| machine | A party unit that recruits members with tangible rewards and that is tightly controlled by the leadership |
| Mugwumps | A name for party volunteers who later come to form their own reform movement |
| national (party) chair | The person elected and paid to manage the day-to-day work of a national political party |
| national committee | Delegates from each state who manage party affairs between conventions |
| national convention | A meeting of elected party delegates every four years to nominate presidential and vice-presidential candidates and ratify a campaign platform |
| nonpartisan election | An election in which candidates for office are not identified by party labels |
| office bloc ballot | A ballot listing all candidates for a given office under the name of that office |
| organizational party | A party that stresses national organization to raise money and give assistance to local candidates and party units |
| party column ballot | A ballot listing all candidates of a given party together under the name of that party |
| personal following | The political support provided to a candidate on the basis of personal popularity and networks |
| plurality system | An electoral system in which the winner is the person who gets the most votes but not necessarily a majority of votes |
| political machine | A party organization that recruits members by dispensing patronage |
| political party | A group that seeks to elect candidates to public office by supplying them with a label |
| proportional representation | An electoral system that distributes numerous seats to parties on the basis of their percentage of the popular vote |
| referendum | An election in which citizens directly approve or disapprove legislation proposed by the government |
| second-party system | The arrangement of political parties initiated by Andrew Jackson |
| solidary groups | Parties organized around sociability, rather than tangible rewards or ideology |
| solidary incentives | The social rewards that lead people to join political organizations |
| split ticket voting | The practice of voting for one major party's candidate in state or local elections and the other's at the national level |
| sponsored parties | Party units established or maintained by outside groups |
| stalwarts | A name for party professionals, as opposed to volunteers |
| superdelegates | Elected officials who serve as delegates to the national convention |
| two-party system | An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in state and national elections |
| winner-take-all | An electoral system that gives the only office to the candidate with the largest vote total, rather than apportioning numerous offices by the percentage of the total vote |
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