bio 39-3
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Reproduction | formation of new individuals sexually or asexually; no gametes involved |
| Asexual reproduction | process where one parent reproduces by itself; |
| Sexual reproduction | two parents give rise to offspring that have a unique combination of genetic material;two gametes involved |
| Types of Asexual reproduction | Binary Fission, Budding, Spore formation |
| Binary Fission | a parent cell divides into two new daughter cells the same size as the parent with the same kind and quantity of DNA. |
| Binary fission organisms | protozoans, bacteria, and some algae |
| Budding | an outgrowth on a yeast cell grows and separates from the parent cell |
| hydra | reproduce by budding |
| Spore formation | a cell undergoes a series of cell divisions inside its own cell wall. Each new cell produces a thick wall of its own, and the old cell wall becomes a spore case holding small thick-walled cells, the spores. These grow into new individuals |
| Puberty | period of rapid growth and sexual maturation during which the reproductive system becomes fully functional. Secondary sex characteristics develop; LSH and FH levels are increased. |
| males secondary sex characteristics | growth of facial and body hair, increase in body size, and deepening of the voice |
| females secondary sex characteristics | development of the reproductive system, widening of the hips, and development of the breasts. |
| Gonads | produce gametes (sperm and eggs) and secrete sex hormones testis and ovary |
| male reproductive structures | testes, the epididymis, the vas deferens, the urethra, and the penis. they produce and deliver sperm. |
| testes | one to three degrees lower than the internal body temperature for proper sperm development |
| sperm | produced in the seminiferous tubules within the testes |
| spermatogenesis | process that results in sperm cell formation |
| sperm cells | male gametes; has a head, a middle piece, and a tail (flagellum) |
| epididymis | site where the sperm cells are stored and matured |
| seminal fluid | a nutrient-rich fluid |
| semen | combination of sperm and seminal fluid |
| ejaculation | contractions of the smooth muscles lining the glands in the reproductive tract causes sperm cells to be ejected from the penis |
| female reproductive structures | ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the vagina. In addition to producing eggs, |
| female reproductive system | produces eggs; prepares the body to nourish a developing embryo |
| primary follicles | Clusters of cells surrounding a single egg |
| FSH | stimulates a follicle to grow and mature each month |
| path of the egg | Fallopian tubes to the uterus |
| four stages of the menstrual cycle | Follicular phase, Ovulation, Luteal phase, Menstruation |
| menstrual cycle | an egg develops and is released from an ovary, if the egg is not fertilized it is discharged along with the lining of the uterus |
| Follicular phase | follicle develops |
| Ovulation | mature egg is released from ovary into the oviduct |
| Luteal phase | egg travels through the Fallopian Tubes |
| Menstruation | lining of the uterus is shed and is discharged through the vagina (lasts on the average of 3-7 days) |
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