Set: AP World History Chapter 7 terms

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All 30 terms

TermDefinition
Sultanthe sovereign of an Islamic community
Seljuk TurksNomadic invaders from central Asia via Persia; staunch Sunnis; ruled in name of Abbasid caliphs from mid-11th century
CrusadesSeries of military adventures initially launched by Western Christians to free Holy Land from Muslims; temporarily succeeded in capturing Jerusalem and capturing Christian kingdoms; later used for other purposes such as commercial wars and extermination of heresy
UlamaOrthodox religious scholars within Islam; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; increasingly opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking
SufisMystics within Islam; responsible for expansion of Islam to southeastern Asia and other regions
MongolsCentral Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian Kingdoms; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed last Abbasid caliph
MameluksMuslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance
Rajasone of the the three gunas (qualities of nature) in Hindu philosophy
SatiRitual in india of immolating surviving widows with the bodies of their deceased husbands
Bhaktia popular religious movement centered around the personal worship of gods
al-MahdiThird of the Abbasid caliphs; attempted to reconcile moderates among Shi'a to Abbasid dynasty; failed to resolve problem of succession
Harun al-RashidMost famous of Abbasid caliphs; renowned for sumptuous and costly living; dependent on Persian advisors early in reign; death led to civil wars over succession
BuyidsRegional splinter dynasty of the mid-10th century; invaded and captured Baghdad; ruled Abbasid empire under title of Sultan; retained Abbasids as figureheads
SaladinMuslim leader in the last decades of the 12th century; reconquered most of the crusader outposts for Islam
Ibn KhaldunA Muslim historian; developed concept that dynasties of nomadic conquerors has a cycle of three generations; strong, weak, dissolute
Rubiyatcomposed of four lines; Persian poetry; famous
Shah-NamaWritten by Firdawsi in late 10th and early 11th centuries; relates history of Persia from creation to the Islamic conquests
Sa'dione of the major Persian poets in the medieval period; known for depth of social thought as well as quality of writing
al-Razialchemist, physician, chemist, scholar, and philosopher. known for experimental medicine, pediatrics, neurosurgery and opthalmology
al-Birunifirst Muslim scholar to study india and Brahman tradition; anthropologist and scientific method
al-Ghazalipioneer of methods of doubt and skepticism; changed course of early Muslim philosophy to one based on cause and effect by God and intermediate angels, known today as occasionalism
Muhammad ibn QasimArab general; conquered Sind in India; declared the region and the Indus valley to be part of Umayyad Empire
arabic numeralscharacters 0-9 read as a number
HarshaIndian emperor who ruled over Northern India for 40 years; established first diplomatic relations between China and India; BUDDHIST
Mahmud of GhazniThird ruler of Turkish slave dynasty in Afghanistan; led invasions of northern India; credited with sacking one of the wealthiest of Hindu temples in northern India; gave Muslims reputation of intolerance and aggressionN
Mahmud of GhurMilitary commander of Persian extraction who ruled small mountain kingdom in Afghanistan; began process of conquest to establish Muslim political control of northern India; brought much of Indus valley, Sind, and northwestern India under his control
Qutb-ud-din AibakLieutenant of Mahmud of Ghur; established kingdom in India with capital at Delphi; proclaimed himself Sultan of india
Mir BaiCelebrated Hindu writer of religious poetry; reflected openness of bhaktic cults to women
KabirMuslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam
ShrivijayaTrading empire centered on Malacca Straits between Malaya and Sumatra; controlled trade of empire; Buddhist government resistant to Muslim missionaries; fall opened up southeastern Asia to Muslim conversion
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Terms 30
Creator emac0024
Created October 16, 2008
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Most Missed Words

  1. Mahmud of Ghur Military commander of Persian extraction who ruled small mountain kingdom in Afghanistan; began process of conquest to establish Muslim political control of northern India; brought much of Indus valley, Sind, and northwestern India under his control - 21 misses
  2. Buyids Regional splinter dynasty of the mid-10th century; invaded and captured Baghdad; ruled Abbasid empire under title of Sultan; retained Abbasids as figureheads - 15 misses
  3. Shah-Nama Written by Firdawsi in late 10th and early 11th centuries; relates history of Persia from creation to the Islamic conquests - 15 misses
  4. Kabir Muslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam - 14 misses
  5. Ibn Khaldun A Muslim historian; developed concept that dynasties of nomadic conquerors has a cycle of three generations; strong, weak, dissolute - 14 misses
  6. Qutb-ud-din Aibak Lieutenant of Mahmud of Ghur; established kingdom in India with capital at Delphi; proclaimed himself Sultan of india - 13 misses
  7. Sa'di one of the major Persian poets in the medieval period; known for depth of social thought as well as quality of writing - 13 misses