| Term | Definition |
| mitosis | divison of the nucleus |
| meiosis | the reproduction of a cell's chromosome number from a diploid to haploid |
| diploid | total number of chromosomes in an individual organism |
| haploid | condition of having only one member of each homologous pair of chromosomes |
| gamete | the haploid cell which can unite with other gamete to form a zygote |
| isogametes | gametes that are similar in shape or size |
| heterogametes | gametes which differ in size or shape |
| spermatogenesis | the meiosis process of sperm formation |
| oogenesis | the meiosis process that forms ova |
| zygote | a diploid cell formed by the union of two haploid gametes |