Intro to criminal justice quiz 3
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 what is the adversarial process | Lawyers for each side represent their clients' best intersts in presenting evidence and formulating arguments as a means to discover the truth and protect the rights of defendants |
| how many members make up the jury in most states | six |
| what are the roles of the prosecutor | - trial counsel for police - house couensel for police - representative of the court - elected official |
| probable cause | an amount of reliable information indicating that it is more likely than not that evidence will be found in a specific location or that a specific person is guilty of a crime |
| Voir Dire | Challenge four cause- a prospective juror is removed for showing bias or some other legal disability Peremptory challenge- a prospective juror is removed without attorneys giving any reason |
| specific deterrence | yourself is used to deter punishment |
| general deterrence | a whole group of people are used to deter punishment |
| discovery | a prosecutors pretrial disclosure to the defense of facts and evidence to be introduced |
| alternatives to bail | -citation -release on recognizance -percentage bail -bail guidelines -preventive detention |
| citation | a written order directing an alleged offender to appear in court at a specific time to anser a criminal charge |
| Release on Recognizance (ROR) | pretrial release granted on the defendants promise to apper in court |
| precentage bail | -defendants may deposit a percentage of the full bail with the court -the full amount of bail is required if the defendant fails to appear -the percentage of bail is returned after disposition |
| bail guidelines | specify the standards judges should use in setting bail and also list appropriate amounts |
| preventative detention | holding a defendant for trial, based on a judges finding that if the defendant were released on bail, he or she would endanger the safety of others or would flee |
| furman v georgia | the death penalty, as administered, constitutes cruel and unusual punishment |
| gregg v georgia | death penalty laws are constitutional if they require the judge and jury consider certain mitigating and aggravating circumstances in deciding which convicted murderers should be sentenced to death. |
| Mcclesky v kemp | the supreme court rejects a challenge of georgias death penalty on grounds of racial discrimination |
| roper v simmons | execution of offenders for crimes commited while under the age of 18 is unconstitutional |
| habeas corpus | a writ or judicial order requesting the release of a persong being detained in a jail, a prison, or mental hospital. If a judge finds the person being help improperly, the writ is granted and the person is released. |
| nolle prosequi | an entry, made by a prosecutor on the record of a case and announced in court, indicating that the charges are specified will not be prosecuted. In effect, the charges are thereby dismissed. |
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