| Term | Definition |
| conjecture | an unproven statement that is based on observations |
| counterexample | a specific case for which the conjecture is false |
| conditional statement | a logical statement that has 2 parts, a hypothesis and a conclusion |
| hypothesis | if-part |
| conclusion | then-part |
| negation | the opposite of the original statement |
| converse | exchange the hypothesis and the conclusion |
| inverse | negate the hypothesis and the conclusion |
| contrapositive | write the converse, then negate both the hypothesis and conclusion |
| biconditional statement | a statement that contains the phrase "if and only if" |
| deductive reasoning | uses facts, definitions, accepted properties, and the laws of logic to form a logical argument |