TAMU ANSC 433 Exam B
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80 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 A volatile material secreted externally that is recognized by the olfactory system. | Pheromone |
| The organ that inactivates steroid hormones be reducing the double bonds in the molecule. | Liver |
| The disappearance of the antrum that accompanies the degenerative changes of an antral follicle. | Atresia |
| Degeneration and resorption of ovarian follicles before ovulation. | Atresia |
| Substances that are secreted to the outside of the body that causes specific behavioral and physiologic responses in other animals of the same species. | Pheromone |
| The location of the receptor for LH on the small luteal cell. | Plasma membrane |
| Binds to endometrial receptors to stimulate PGF2oc synthesis | Oxytocin |
| Causes apoptosis of luteal cell | Calcium influx |
| Inhibits progesterone synthesis by luteal cell | Activation of protein Kinase C |
| Binds to receptors on plasma membrane of large luteal cells | PGF2oc |
| After insertion of an EAZI-BREED CIDR into a cow, the plasma progesterone concentration reaches a plateau within. | 1 hour |
| In males, the GnRH surge center does not develop because | Testosterone is aromatizied into estradiol within the brain |
| glycoprotein hormone produced by granulosa cells | Inhibin |
| Stimulates progesterone secretion in the female | Luteinizing hormone |
| Promotes secretion of accessory sex glands | Testosterone |
| Stimulates estradiol synthesis by ovarian follicles | Follicle stimulating hormone |
| The stimulus to cause release of GnRH from the surge center of the hypothalamus in a spontaneous ovulator is: | an increase in estradiol production by ovarian follicles |
| produced by the chorionic girdle cells that form endometrial cups | Equine chorionic gonadotropin |
| synthesized by the surge and tonic centers of the hypothalamus | GnRH |
| produced by the corpus luteum | progesterone |
| produced by Leydig cells | testosterone |
| The time from the onset of estrus to ovulation typically ranges from 24 to 32 hours in the: | Cow |
| Sustained luteal secretion of progesterone | diestrus |
| Transformation of corpus hemorrhagicum into corpus luteum | metestrus |
| Formation of ovulatory follicle)s) accompanied by increasing estradiol secretion before estrus | proestrus |
| occurs continuously throughout folliculogenesis | atresia |
| increased estradiol production stimulates the preovulatory LH surge | dominance |
| FSH is more important than LH in promoting antral follicle growth | recruitment |
| secretion of FSH begins to decrease while secretion of LH begins to increase | selection |
| posses majority of receptors for PGF2oc | large |
| undergoes hyperplasia | small |
| secretory granules contain relaxin | large |
| cell diameter of 22 micrometers | large |
| esterified cholesterol is delivered tot he luteal cell by | low density lipoproteins |
| the vascular countercurrent exchange system that transports PGF2oc from the uterine horn to the ipsilateral ovary to cause luteolysis is present in | cow, ewe |
| Synthesis of PGF2oc by the endometrium during late diestrus requires | presence of oxytocin receptors in the endometrium |
| during estrus, vulvar electrical resistance | decreases |
| A decrease in the length of daily photoperiod increases the secretion of melatonin from the | pineal gland |
| the process whereby cells that remain within an ovulated follicle are transformed into luteal cells is | luteinization |
| During oogenesis, the stage of the gamete at the time of ovulation is the | secondary oocyte |
| the hormone which stimulates the secretory function of endometrial glands and inhibits myometrial contractions is | progesterone |
| in a target cell, receptors for estradiol are located in | nucleus |
| In a mature follicle, estradiol is synthesized by the _______ cells | granulosal |
| a major effect of estrogen on the female reproductive tract is | elevated myometrial tone |
| results from separation of chromatids at completion of meiosis 1 | first polar body |
| stage of the gamete after meiosis 1 is completed | secondary oocyte |
| arrested in first meiotic prophase until preoulatory LH surge | primary oocyte |
| result from mitosis of primordial germ cells | oogonia |
| exposure of prepubertal females to a male can | hasten the onset of puberty in gilts and beef heifers |
| in the male, the onset of puberty is due to the decreased hypothalamic sensitivity to negative feed back by | testosterone and estrogen |
| In the luteal cell, cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone in the | mitochondria |
| the "second messenger" in the mechanisms of action of protein hormones is | cyclic AMP |
| Identify the hormone that is injected twice at 14-day intervals for the PreSynch protocol | PGF2oc |
| painful long-lasting erection | Priapism |
| The pathway used to transduce external stimuli which involves secretion of oxytocin to stimulate sperm movement into the ductus deferens is classified as | a neuroendocrine reflex |
| glycoprotein hormone | luteinizing hormone |
| the neural control center for reproductive hormones | hypothalamus |
| GnRH is transported from the tonic center to the anterior lobe of the pituitary by way of | hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system |
| in males, the GnRH surge center does not develop because | testosterone is aromatized into estradiol within the brain |
| one estrous cycle per year | monoestrus |
| uniform distribution of estrous cycles throughout the year | polyestrus |
| clusters of estrous cycles that occur only during a certain season of the year | seasonal polyestrus |
| Synthesis of PGF2oc by the endometrium during late diestrus is stimulated by | oxytocin from large luteal cells |
| gonadotropin secretion from the anterior pituitary | negative |
| alveolar development in mammary gland | positive |
| secretory function of endometrial glands | positive |
| contraction of the myometriuum | negative |
| in a female elephant, what is the length of the estrous cycle ____ and what is the gestation length _____ | 16 weeks 22 months |
| in a ewe, a decrease in the length of daily photoperiod increases the secretion of melatonin from the: | pineal gland |
| a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes that may play an important role in regulating the onset of puberty in mammals is | leptin |
| the time from the onset of estrus to ovulation typically ranges from 36 to 44 hours in the | sow |
| species of livestock in which the female is classified as polyestrus | bovine |
| as a female approaches puberty her hypothalamus becomes more sensitive to the positive feedback of | estradiol |
| frequently occurs in the ewe following seasonal anestrus | a "silent" ovulation |
| more advantageous in the male than the female | minimizing the age at puberty is |
| during estrus, vulvar electrical resistance decreases due to | increased levels of estradiol |
| in a mature follicle testosterone is synthesized by the | theca interna cells |
| the stage of the female gamete in a primary follicle is | dictyotene phase of meiotic prophase |
| what is the probable luteolytic signal in the human menstrual cycle? | old age |
| what is the peobable source of the luteolytic signal in the human menstrual cycle? | ovary |
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