Specific Immunity
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51 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 no | Is the adaptive immune system present at birth? |
| yes | Does the adaptive immune system have memory? |
| Lymphocytes | What is the main cell type involved in adaptive immunity? |
| All lymphocytes originate in bone marrow | Where do T and B lymphocytes originate? |
| thymus gland | Where do T cells mature? |
| bone marrow | Where do B cells mature? |
| CD4 Helper Cells; TH, T4 and CD8 Cytotoxic Cells Tc, T8 | What are the two main types of T cells (give all possible names) |
| activated, B cells differentiate into clone cells (family of cells descended from one) which are plasma cells | What cells descend from B lymphocytes? |
| > antibodies --> antigen-antibody complexes --> disable antigen. | What do plasma cells release into the plasma? |
| any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies ("ANTIbody GENerator") | What is an antigen? |
| Complete antigens have Immunogenicity and Reactivity; incomplete lack Immunogenicity | Describe the difference between complete and incomplete antigens. |
| Antigenic determinants | The part of an antigen that is immunogenic is called the _______ ________. |
| Cell-mediated / Antibody-mediated (humoral) Immune response | Name the two types of adaptive immunity. |
| Cell-mediated | In which type of immunity do cells attack other cells? |
| Antibody-mediated | In which type of immunity are antigen-antibody complexes formed? |
| T8 cells recognize infected body cells, cancer cells, and transplanted cells | Name the types of cells that may be destroyed in cell-mediated immunity. |
| Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) | What name is given to the "self" antigen |
| MHC I | The MHC complex found on all body cells (except RBCs) is MHC ____. |
| MHC II | The MHC complex found on cells involved in the immune response is MHC ____. |
| CD8 T cells | Which type of T cell recognizes MHC I? |
| CD4 T cells will | Which type of T cell recognizes MHC II? |
| endogenous antigens | Do MHC I complexes display endogenous or exogenous antigens? |
| exogenous antigens | Do MHC II complexes display endogenous or exogenous antigens? |
| with perforin punching holes in the membrane | How do cytotoxic T cells (TC) kill infected cells? |
| they will stimulate T8 and B cells, but that help is absolutely essential to mounting an immune response | How do helper T cells (TH) "help" cytotoxic cells in the immune response? |
| MHC I; "not ok" piece of the foreign protein (antigen); endogenously | Bacteria A has infec/ed an individual's cells and is also present freely in his/her tissue . Which MHC complex is found on the surface of the infected cell? What will this MHC complex display? How does it process and present? |
| T8; kill abnormal cell by punching holes in it with perforin | Bacteria A has infected an individual's cells and is also present freely in his/her tissue .What type of T cell will detect the foreign antigen? How will the T cell respond to this antigen? |
| MHC II; The APC; digested pieces of the pathogen, brings to surface of cell; presents endogenously | Bacteria A has infected an individual's cells and is also present freely in his/her tissue .Assume the bacteria in the tissue is engulfed by a macrophage. Which MHC complex is found on the surface of the macrophage? What will this MHC complex display? |
| T4; will process & present endogenously | Bacteria A has infected an individual's cells and is also present freely in his/her tissue .Assume the bacteria in the tissue is engulfed by a macrophage. What type of T cell will detect this foreign antigen? How will the T cell respond to this antigen? |
| B | What type of lymphocyte is involved in antibody-mediated immunity? |
| Heavy & light chains; variable and constant regions | Describe the basic structure of an antibody? |
| 5 (MADGE) | How many antibody classes are there? |
| IgM | Which antibody is the first to respond to an infection? |
| IgG 2nd responder | Which antibody is the most common? |
| IgG | Which antibody is passed from mother to fetus? |
| IgE | Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions? |
| IgD | Which antibody is a receptor on B cells? |
| Neutralization Agglutination Precipitation | How does an antigen-antibody complex disable antigen? (name a few ways) |
| occurs after an harmful antigen has been encountered for the first time IgM | What is the primary immune response? |
| quicker more effective; occurs after an previously encountered antigen reappears Igm then IgG | What is the secondary immune response? |
| first Ig released by plasma cells after intitial exposure; occurs late during first exposure, and faster, qucker, & more effective in future encounters | How does the primary immune response differ from the secondary immune response? |
| happens withing the body by exposure to a trigger of maternal ex=illness/mother to baby | Define naturally acquired immunity |
| outside source such and an injection/direct like rabies | Define artificially acquired immunity. |
| created when body cells are challenged vs from the outside | Describe the difference between passive and active immunity. |
| are gamma globulins, immunoglobulins, and Ig | other words that mean the same thing as antibody |
| ability to provoke immune response by stimulating the production of T cells or specific antibodies | Immunogenicity |
| the antigen binds, and must fit snugly varies with type of antigen it binds to | variable region of an antibody is where |
| determines the class of antibody - IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE - and dictates the cells and chemicals it can bind to | constant region of an antibody is where |
| IgA | which antibody is involved in body secretions? |
| react with activated T and B cells that are present | incomplete antigen cannot provoke the body into making activated T and B cells, but it can |
| clones-->plasma cells-->antibodies-->antigen-antibody complexes-->disable antigen. | pathway of stimulated B cells |
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