world benchmarks
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Jennifer-michelle on February 24, 2011
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 archeologist | a scientist who is trained like a detective to uncover the stories of prehistoric people |
| artifacts | Human made objects, such as tools or jewelry |
| anthropologist | a scientist who studies the culture of prehistoric people by looking at objects left behind |
| culture | this is a word meaning a people's unique way of life |
| paleontologist | this type of scientists studies evidence of early life preserved in rocks |
| fossils | evidence of early life preserved in rocks |
| nomads | Mobile people who moved from place to place foraging for new sources of food |
| cuneiform | wedge-shaped writing developed by the Sumerians |
| ziggurat | "mountain of god," place of worship, city hall and used for grain storage |
| agricultural revolution | the beginning of systematic agriculture/farming |
| fertile crescent | a curve shaped region that provided the best farming in the middle east |
| city state | a city and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit |
| dynasty | a series of rulers from one family |
| polytheism | more than one god |
| empire | political system that brings together several peoples, nations, or independent states under on ruler |
| code of Hammurabi | used to unify the Babylonian empire, it included 282 laws |
| delta | broad, marshy, triangular area of land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river |
| pharaohs | Egyptian god-king |
| theocracy | type of government in which rule is based on religious authority |
| hieroglyphics | "sacred carvings" Egyptian system of writing |
| mandate of heaven | concept where a ruler received his authority to govern from the heavens |
| migration | the moving of a people from one region to another |
| caste system | the social system in India |
| reincarnation | an individual soul or spirit is born again and again until moksha is acheived |
| sidhartha gualtamo | Buddha's real name |
| phoecian | Civilization of great shipbuilders and sailors, established trading colonies throught the mediterranean. What was this groups biggest legacy they left behind both influenced the Greeks and modern language which included 22 characters |
| toran | what was the first 2 books of the hebrew bible called |
| abraham | considered the "father"of the Hebrews |
| monotheism | one god |
| covenant | The mutual promise between god and he hebrew people |
| moses | the man led the Hebrews out of egypt and received the 10 commandments |
| cyrus | He allowed the Hebrews to return to Jerusalem to rebuild their temple considered a military genius, tolerant leader, ruler of the Persian Empire |
| the new kingdom | This is the period of time in Egypt that the empire became more powerful and wealthy. Included the rule of Queen Hatshepsut, King Thutmose III, King Ramses II |
| royal road | used to create a quick and easy route for communication throughout the Persian Empire |
| Zoroastrianism | taught that earth was in a constant struggle is going on between good and evil, this religion's beliefs can still be seen in modern religions today such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam |
| confucius | man who had a deep desire to return order and moral living to Chinese Society |
| daoism | This philosophy of thought believes that there is a universal the Dao |
| legalism | Philosophy believes that government should be used to end civil disorder and restore harmony, meaning good deeds are rewarded and bad deeds are severely punished |
| autocracy | governments that has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner |
| great wall of china | This was built under the Qin Dynasty with the use of peasant labor |
| the sea | what distant geographical feature to Greece had a great impact on Greek politics |
| trojan war | War was fought between the Greeks and Trojans over trade routes along the Mediterranean |
| homer | Blind storyteller who told epics about Greek heroes, including The Odyssey and The Illiah |
| myths | name given to traditional stories about the Greek gods |
| polis | Another name for Greek city-state |
| anapolis | This was a fortified hilltop where citizens gathered to discuss city government in Greece |
| monarchy | In this form of government a king or queen makes all governmental decisions |
| oligarchy | a government in which power is in the hands of a few people |
| tryant | someone who seizes power by appealing to the common people for support |
| democracy | government where rule is by the people |
| draco | man who created a system of laws that dealt harshly with those who broke the law |
| direct democracy | what form of government allows citizens to rule directly instead of through representatives |
| classical art | Values of harmony, order, balance and proportion became the standard for this type of art |
| pelopennisian war | war fought between athens and sparta |
| philosophers | "lovers of wisdom" |
| socrates | charged with " corrupting the youth of Athens" and sentenced to death by hemlock |
| plato | wrote the famous work titles the republic |
| aristotle | Taught Alexander the Great, his work helped to establish the scientific method today |
| alexander | Who was the son of King Philip II and attacked the Persian Empire later fying of a fever at the age of 32 |
| republic | form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders |
| senate | This consisted of 300 members and was considered the aristocratic branch of Rome's government |
| legion | 5,000 Roman soldiers |
| punic wars | Name of the 3 wars fought between Rome and Carthage |
| civil war | conflict between groups within the same country |
| julius casear | conquered Gual and became the absolute ruler of Rome eventually stabbed to death 23 times by the senate |
| agustus | first ruler of the Republic names Octavian given to the tile "exalted one" |
| network of roads | allowed for easy trade throughout the Roman Empire |
| jesus | This man was born in the town of Bethlehem apporximately around 6-4 B.C. a carpenter |
| theodorous | Which Roman emperor recognized the Christian religion when he placed crosses on his soldiers' and created a document that declared Christianity of a Roman Emperor approved religion |
| inflation | drastic drop in value of money and increase in prices |
| mercenaries | foreign soldiers who fought for money |
| constantinople | new capital of Rome, named for Constantine |
| greco-roman culture | Mixing of greek, roman, and hellenistic cultures |
| latin | language used by the romans, has influence upon many language today |
| aquaducts | these provided fresh water daily to the Roman people |
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