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rotation spin on axis revolution complete orbit around the sun Earth's rotation 24 hours Earth's revolution 365.25 days axis imaginary line around which the Earth spins solar eclipse moon casts a shadow on Earth and blocks out the Sun lunar eclipse Earth casts a shadow on Moon and blocks out light from the Sun Plane of the Ecliptic path the sun travels in the sky Celestial Equator Earth's equator extended out into space Equinox 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness Summer Solstice longest daylight and shortest darkness Winter Solstice shortest daylight and longest darkness Full Moon entire moon visible Cresent Moon 1/4 of visible side of moon seen Quarter Moon 1/2 of visible side of moon seen Summer warmest season with longest daylight Winter coldest season of the year with shortest daylight Spring season before summer when plants begin to grow Fall season before winter when temperature begins to cool