Unit 7: Hitler's Empire and the Holocaust; The United States in World War II
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Blitzkrieg | German term describing all-mechanized force concentration of tanks, infantry, artillery and air power, concentrating overwhelming force and rapid speed to break through enemy lines |
| Auschwitz-Birkenau | network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated in occupied Poland by Nazi Germany |
| Gas chambers | an apparatus for killing, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced |
| New Order | political, economic, territorial, and social system that the Nazis tried to establish first in Europe and eventually wanted to expand to the rest of the world during their reign over Germany in the 1930s and 1940s |
| Battle of Britain | prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it |
| Grand Alliance | alliance made during World War II, which joined together the United States (led by Franklin Roosevelt), the Soviet Union (led by Joseph Stalin) and Great Britain (led by Winston Churchill) |
| Rosie the Riveter | symbol of women who assumed what had been "men's work" in war industries |
| Potsdam Declaration | President Truman's warning to the Japanese, before dropping an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, to surrender or face "utter destruction" |
| Holocaust | extermination of 6 million Jews, 6 million others by Nazis in name of racial purity |
| Harry S. Truman | vice president to FDR; adopted tough international affairs pose, counted on American military to maintain peace |
| Yalta accords | 1945 agreements in which FDR made concessions to Stalin to induce him to join Pacific war |
| Korematsu v. United States | would not question government claims of military necessity during the war |
| Japanese internment | wartime policy to evacuate from East Coast and incarcerate all those with Japanese heritage, US citizens included |
| Braceros | "guest workers"; Mexican laborers legally brought into the US |
| An American Dilemma | (1944, Gunnar Myrdal) concluded that "not since Reconstruction had there been more reason to anticipate fundamental changes in American race relations |
| Executive Order 8802 | prohibited discriminatory employment practices by federal agencies and all unions and companies engaged in war-related work; established Fair Employment Practices Commission to enforce policy |
| A. Philip Randolph | president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters |
| (CORE) | sought to desegregate public facilities in northern cities |
| Smith v. Allwright | (1944) Supreme court ruled that Texas's all-white election primary unconstitutional Congress of Racial Equality |
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