Chapter 20: Heart
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits | The two major divisions of the cardiovascular system. |
| Pulmonary Circuit | This circuit carries blood to the lungs. |
| Systemic Circuit | This circuit carries blood to every part of the body. |
| Goes from Pulmonary Trunk to Lungs to Pick Up Oxygen, Then Travels Back to Heart Via the Pulmonary Veins. | Description of path of pulmonary circuit. |
| Goes from Aorta to Every Part of Body to Pick Up CO2, Then Travels Back to Heart Via the Superior and Inferior Vena Cava. | Description of path of systemic circuit. |
| Base; Apex | The top of the heart is the ________; the bottom the _______. |
| Pericardium | The heart is enclosed by this double-walled sac. |
| Pericardial Sac (Outside) and Epicardium (Inside) | The pericardium is made of these two layers. |
| Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium | Three layers of heart wall. |
| Epicardium | This outermost heart wall layer is made of simple squamous cells, and most of the coronary vessels travel through this layer. |
| Endocardium | Heart wall layer that lines the interior of the chambers. |
| Myocardium | Heart wall layer that performs the work of the heart; mostly cardiac muscle. |
| Fibrous Skeleton | Connective tissue mesh-work around the valves of the heart. |
| The Right and Left Atria, and the Right and Left Ventricles | The four chambers of the heart. |
| Atria | These chambers receive blood returning to the heart. |
| Ventricles | These chambers eject blood into arteries. |
| The Left and Right AV valves, The Pulmonary Valve, and The Aortic Valve. | The four valves of the heart. |
| Atrioventricular (AV) valves | These valves regulate the openings between the atria and ventricles. |
| Pulmonary and Aortic Valves | Also known as semilunar valves, these valves regulate the flow of blood from the ventricles to the arteries. |
| 1. Blood Enters Right Atrium; 2. Blood Flows from Right Atrium to Right Ventricle; 3. Pulmonary Valve Opens from Contraction; 4. Blood Goes Into Pulmonary Trunk; 5. Blood Travels to Lungs; 6. Blood Returns to Heart Via the Pulmonary Veins Into Left Atrium; 7. Blood Flows from Left Atrium to Left Ventricle; 8. Aortic Value Opens from Contraction; 9. Blood Travels Into Aorta; 10. Blood is Distributed to Body; 11. Blood Returns to Heart Via Venae Cavae | Pathway of blood through heart. |
| 75 Beats Per Minute | Average resting heart rate. |
| Coronary Circulation | The circulation of blood into the heart. |
| Left and Right Coronary Arteries | Two coronary arteries found directly after the aorta. |
| Ventricular Relaxation | Coronary blood flow increases during __________. |
| Coronary Sinus | Coronary blood drains into this from the great cardiac vein, the posterior interventricular vein, and the left marginal vein. This then drains the blood into the right atrium. |
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