Social Studies - Chapter 5, Lesson 3 (Sparta and Athens)
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kjones12345 on February 28, 2011
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Athens and Sparta | Two important Greek city-states |
| helots | one of the social groups of Sparta, they were conquered and had to work for the invaders |
| ephors | a group of 5 officials that helped govern Sparta with the Concil of Elders |
| equals | one of the social groups of Sparta who descended from the invaders and controlled the city-state |
| half-citizens | one of the social groups of Sparta who were free but had no power. |
| ephors | a group of 5 officials that helped govern Sparta with the Council of Elders |
| Council of Elders | Made up of 28 male citizens over the age of 60. |
| Age of seven | Sparta boys left home to live in military barracks |
| Age of twenty | Sparta men began military service. |
| Age of thirty | Sparta men are allowed to live at home. |
| Age of sixty | Oldest age Sparta men could serve in military. |
| Sparta | Had a strong government and military, created little in art, literature, philosophy or science. |
| Athens | Located on Attic peninsula, one of the least fertile areas in Greece. |
| Sea traders | Common vocation in Athens. |
| Piraeus | Special port of Athens. |
| Citizens | Top group in Athenian society. |
| Metics | Next group in Athenian society. They were born outside Athens. |
| Slaves | They were at the bottom of Athenian society. |
| Aristocratic government | This was the initial government type of Athens. |
| Archons | 9 men who were elected yearly in Athens to uphold the laws |
| Draco | Archon who created Athens first written law code. |
| Harsh laws | These are known as Draconian laws. |
| Solon | He was an archon who settled disputers by erasing the debts of the poor and outlawing slavery for debt. |
| All men over the age of 18 in Athens | They were members of the assembly. |
| direct democracy | This is the form of democracy Athens had under Cleisthenes, where all citizens participated directly in making decisions |
| representative democracy | This is the form of demoncracy in the United States, where citizens elect representatives. |
| Peisistratus | Ruled over Athens as a tyrant |
| Cleisthenes | seized power in Athens and turned it into a democracy. |
| Council of 500 | A group of 500 Athenian citizens randomly elected for one year to propose laws in Athens. Set up by Cleisthenes. |
| Pericles | Leader of Athens, he opened offices to all male citizens. |
| Erechtheion | A temple to Athena. |
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