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Astronomy The study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space Axis line that passes through center of earth rotation earth spinning on its axis revolution the movement of one object around another object orbit the earth's path as it travels around the sun Solstice The first day of summer is the summer solstice on June 21. The winter solstice is around Dec. 21. The winter solstice is the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere and the summer solstice is the longest day of the year in the northern hemisphere. Equinox When neither hemisphere of the earth is tilted toward sun, so the sun is directly overhead at the equator. This occurs around March 21, and September 21. During an equinox there are equal amounts of night and day. Vernal equinox in March spring equinox Autumnal equinox in September fall equinox Tropic of Cancer is approximately 23.5º N of the equator and is where the sun hits on the first day of summer June 21st. Tropic of Capricorn is approximately 23.5º S of the equator and is where the sun hits on the first day of winter December 21st. Fact The Earth has a tilt of 23.5º on its axis. ... Fact It takes the Earth 24 hours to rotate once on its axis which causes day and night. ... Fact When the Earth is rotating on its axis and it is facing the sun we have daytime and when it rotates away from the sun and does not face the sun we have nighttime. ... Fact The Earth revolves around the sun once in 365 and 1/4 days. ... Fact Seasons are a result of the Earth's orbit around the sun and the tilt on its axis ... Fact Seasons are a result of the amount of sunlight an area receives. ... Fact As the Earth revolves around the sun, when the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun we have summer and at the same time the southern hemisphere is tilted away and they have winter. ... Fact Winter solstice is Dec. 21 is the first day of winter and the shortest day of year ... Fact Summer Solstice is June 21 is the first day of summer and longest day of year ... Fact Autumnal Equinox is September 21 and is first day of fall here in northern hemisphere and has 12 hours of sunlight and darkness ... Fact Spring Equinox is March 21 and is the first day of spring and has 12 hours of sunlight and darkness. ...