Lab Test 1
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39 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 condenser lens | part of the microscope that concentrates the light and makes illumination more uniform |
| Refraction | bending of light |
| objective lens | the lens of the microscope closest to the specimen |
| ocular lens | eyepiece lens of the microscope |
| limit of resolution (or resolving power) | an actual measure of how far apart two must be for the microscope to view them as being separate |
| numerical aperture | a measure of a lens's ability to capture light coming from the specimen and use it to make the image |
| dark-field microscopy | a special condenser is used so only the light reflected off the specimen enters the objective lens |
| phase contrast microscopy | uses special optical components to exploit subtle differences in the refractive indices of water and cytoplasmic components to produce contrast |
| fluorescence microscopy | uses fluorescent dye that emits fluorescence when illuminated with ultraviolet radiation |
| saprophytes | decompose dead organic matter |
| parasites | digest live organic matter |
| cocci | spheres |
| bacilli | rods |
| spirilla | spirals |
| vibrios | curved rods |
| coccobacilli | short rods |
| spirochetes | flexible spirals |
| pleomorphism | has a variety of cell shapes |
| strepto | chain |
| staphylo- | cluster |
| tetrad | square shape of four cells |
| sarcina | cube-shaped arrangement of eight cells |
| diplo- | two cells together |
| chromogen | colored molecule in a stain |
| chromophore | the portion of a chromogen that gives it its color |
| auxochrome | the charged portion of a chromogen that allows it to act as a dye through ionic or covalent bonds |
| basic stains | simple stains are what kind of stains? |
| basic stains | what stains are alkaline and positive? |
| kills bacteria and makes them adhere to the slide | what is the purpose of heat-fixing? |
| distorts the cells | what can be a problem with heat fixing? |
| Treponema pallidum and Boriella burgdorfera | What are some common organisms that you would use negative stain to dientify? |
| negative stain | acidic stain |
| negative stain | stain that is repelled by the bacteria cells |
| no | do you heat fix a negative stain? |
| gram stain | a differential stain in which a decolorization step occurs between the application of two basic stains |
| crystal violet | primary stain in gram staining |
| safranin | counterstain in gram staining |
| iodine | mordant in gram staining |
| mordant | added to form a complex with the primary stain to hold it inside gram positive cells |
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