Test 2 crju 313
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Created by:
nwilliams2199 on March 1, 2011
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Steps Felony Case | Law violation of law Arrest Bail (sometime set amount) Preliminary Hearing Grand Jury Discovery Plea Negotiations Trial Guilty or Not Guilty if Guilt Sentence |
| Grand Jury | Almost always indicts everyone. Will indict you if they have enough evidence that you committed the crime. |
| Motion for discovery | Defense asking the prosecutor for the evidence in the case. |
| Plea's | 90% end in a guilty plea, may not be original charge. |
| Bench Trial | Without jury, verdict given by judge. State must prove you guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. EVERY ELEMENT MUST BE PROVEN BEYOND THE REASONABLE DOUBT. |
| Jury Trial | Up to the jury if they committed all the elements of the crime and if the prosecution has proven their case. |
| Court Houses | Judge Clerk of court Court Reporter Jury Box Prosecution table Defense Table Public Gallery |
| Judge | On the bench that is raised as a sign of respect. Fortified for safety. |
| Clerk of Court | Table or desk |
| Court Reporter | Almost always next to the witness stand. |
| Jury Box | Not always boxed but most of the time. Usually more seats then necessary. |
| Prosecution table/Defense Table | Never go to the others table, it is a sign of disrespect. |
| Public Gallery | Separated from the rest of the court by a "bar". Hence the lawyers pass the bar. |
| Who has discretion? | ALL |
| Prosecutors | Have the most power. gets to decide if someone gets arrested or not. determine whether diversion programs are an option Decides to prosecute or not after the initial charge. may dismiss the case Can request maximum sentence. |
| Discretion by Solicitors. | Legal judgements office policy Personal Philosophy |
| Solicitors Legal Judgements | believes there is insufficient evidence to convict. |
| Solicitors Office Policy | The policy set by the leader of the solicitors office, stating what cases cannot be dismissed or plead, usually because of political influences. |
| Solicitors Personal Philosophy. | Own belief on what gets or not gets reduced or bargained. |
| Court Room Participants | 1) Judge (even if there is a guilty plea)y 2) Prosecutor (has Burden of proof) 3) Defense Attorney 4) Jury 5) Court Security -GSC Sheriff Dep -Mun city police 6) Bailiff -GSC-Serves the Juries needs. 7) Clerk of Court -Handles court paperwork -Writes down sentence, final decisions are recorded 8) Court Reporter -records everything said during trial. 9) Defendant (not part of work group 10) Witnesses/Victims 11) Spectators |
| Judges | -affect the entire criminal process -high stress -circuit court Judges travel -pressured to keep cases moving. -a lot of continuances -people come to court late. -no indictment, lost paperwork -judge shopping |
| Judge shopping | Trying to get the judge that may benefit their client. Advantage of the Prosecutor bc they pick when to take the trial to court. |
| Appointment of Judges | Executive Appointment -Governor at state level -Federal judges are by the president and its for life. Elected by public Merit Selection -nominating committee and appointed by the legislature. |
| Traditional Judges Makeup | White upper middle class Protestant male highly educated |
| Judicial Independence | -Judge should make ruling independent of what the public thinks -Protects the judge -Ruling should be by law |
| Judges Protection | -Cannot reduce salary -Cant be fired unless they: ---Misconduct in office ---unable to perform their duties. |
| Reasons for judges removal | Judicial Corruption --Improperly influencing an outcome Judicial Scandal --Sexual Scandal (usually family court) Judicial Impairment --Usually due to old age. |
| Federal Judge Impeachment | 2/3 of the senate votes |
| Decentralized Prosecutors | Most powerful in workgroup most discretion Federal Prosecutors work for the US AG (chief) Federal crimes. State Prosecutors or Assistant AG work for state AG (chief of LE) County/Solicitors chief of county. |
| County/Solicitors chief of county. | high turn over many politicians start as a prosecutor CONTROLS GRAND JURY |
| Defense attorney | does not consider an acquittal as a win. success is getting a good deal for client Weakest in the courtroom workgroup. |
| Negatives of a defense attorney | difficult to find a paying client -clients are usually appointed counsel. Need a great reputation to get paying clients. |
| Consideration in Defense attorney fees | seriousness of crime amount of time the case will take clients personality clients truthfulness |
| ABA views | Cases should be dismissed after one year of being filed. |
| Right to an attorney | IF HE CANNOT AFFORD ONE ONLY |
| Public Defender | Salary dependent, Represents 70% of all defendants poor funding can bill but never gets paid. |
| Contract System | -in county that does not have public defender system. -usually done on lowest bid. |
| Assigned Counselor | List of private attorneys at a given time, court appoints them usually out of a conflict of interest. -Usually has a cap of $3500.00, they can try to bill the government for excess fee's. -Usually problematic because they may not specialize in criminal defense. Has to find another lawyer to take the case. |
| Lawyer-client relationship in an appointed case. | hostile due to lack of trust Attorney has the same ethics as the prosecution |
| defense attorney cannot be said in court | Results of a polygraph cannot help client lie, but cannot stop him from lying. |
| Defendants | -93% state inmates are male -more likely come from a divorced home. -low educated -usually single -usually abused as a child -ONLY SMALL GROUP OF CAREER CRIMINALS |
| Victims | -sometimes don't cooperate with LE, lowers chance of prosecution. -lack understanding of law -have to wait to be called into court, left sitting and bored. -feel like a criminal during cross examination. -1/2 THE CRIMES ARE NOT REPORTED -1/2 VIOLENT CRIMES KNOW ONE ANOTHER -85% OF CDV CASES ARE WOMEN VICTIMS |
| Victims Rights Movement | Grown exponentially. |
| Results of VRM | Victims assistance Crises intervention Groups Counseling Educates the victims on the process of law Victims Funds VICTIMS BILL OF RIGHTS VICTIMS ADVOCACY GROUPS -NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF VICTIMS ASSISTANCE (NOVA) -MADD ---POWERFUL |
| Victims fund | -DOES NOT PAY FOR PROPERTY -MAY PAY FOR SOME LOST WAGES -WILL NOT PAY IF THE VICTIM AND PERP ARE RELATED. |
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