Survey of Jazz and Pop. Music
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Falsetto Break | Expressiveness in the voice, field holler, street cry, voice cracking, work songs. |
| Traditional Harmony | Harmonic progressions |
| Melodic Sense | Melodies designed to be easily sung by the masses. |
| Structured Forms | Thought out and planned forms. |
| Broadsides | sheet music that originally only contained words. |
| Ballad Operas | Characters were common people rather than royalty. Sung in English. |
| Pleasure Garden | Modern theme park, main venue for entertainment. 1760s first american PG in New York. |
| Belcanto | Sophisticated, smooth, yet dramatic. 1800- operas were increasingly dramatic. |
| "one step" dance | Influenced by marching bands. 1800s. |
| John Phillip Sousa (1854-1932) | The "March King" -conductor of marine bands -he didn't like "recording" - its looses human contact. -americas first "super group" -copyright reform and royalty payments. |
| Catholics (religious influence) | As slave owners, they were cruel but didn't care about what the slaves did in their own time. worship- similar to voodoo and rhythmic. |
| Protestants (religious influence) | More conservative, "very british." Smaller plantations -more concerned about what the slaves did on their own time and tried to convert them. -the slaves began to adopt more of the masters traditions. |
| The Great Awakening | 1800s- blending of Euro religious music and west african music. revival singing gospels music for people- by the people new hymn |
| Negro Preacher | Call and response rhythmic preaching styles. dramatic responses- moaning, fainting, shouting. *disappears during slavery. |
| Psalmody | Singing the words of a biblical psalm New England 1650 |
| Lining Out | Preacher spoke and the congregation sang back. |
| Folk Hymn | Ballad tune with religious words. |
| Stephen Foster (1826-1864) | First full-time professional song writer in the US. -Wrote 200 songs between 1840 and 1860. -master at creating a "hook" |
| Plantation Melodies | Blending american and african lyrics. (stephen foster) |
| James Bland (1854-1911) | First full-time (black) song writer in the US. -"carry me back to ole virginny" now the state song of virginia. |
| Louis Moreau Gottchalk (1829-1869) | First american concert pianist. Studied classical piano in paris. witnessed congo square as a child. |
| Minstrel | Entertainer, servant. |
| Minstrel Shows | Originally american form of entertainment. Vaudeville, Burlesque, Musical comedy. Based on Negro, Dance, and Music. "Black Face" |
| Thomas "Daddy" Rice (1808-1861) | First american born performer to export american true music. "Jumpin Jim Crow" character. First time that they saw these shows in a profit perspective. |
| Dan Emmett | 1843- first appearance of the virginia mintrels. solidified the "three act" show. |
| Characters of the "Virginia Minstrels" | Interlocutor, Tambo, and Bones. |
| Interlocutor | "the ring master" |
| Tambo | slim, joyous, tambourine player. |
| Bones | big and fat. |
| Christys Mintrels | Over 200 performers. |
| 3- part show | 1- began with a half circle and ended with a cake walk. 2- olio: series of solo acts (variety); this influenced vaudeville, usually ended in a "hoedown." 3- Parody of "uncle toms cabin" (best selling book) or featured plantation songs. |
| Georgia Minstrels (1865) | First successful black troupe. |
| William Henry Lane (1825-1853) | "the greatest of all minstrel dancers". |
| Paul Dresser | Sentimental ballads. "on the banks of wabash"- indiana |
| Albert "Harry" Von Hilzer (1872-1946) | "daddy of popular song" -limited vocal range -"take me out to the ball game." |
| Charles K. Harris | "King of the tear jerker" - after the ball, first pop. song to sell 5 million copies of sheet music. Sousas band performed it at the worlds fair. |
| 1893 Worlds Fair | Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Ferris Wheel. Live music: sousas band and pianists for every ride. |
| Ragtime | "Ragged Time" closing of the red light district. "Storyville" of new orleans. |
| Sedalion, Missouri | where ragtime originated from. |
| First published rag time songs | "Harlem rag"- Tom Turpin "Missouri Rag"- William Krell |
| Scott Joplin (1868-1917) | Texarkana, TX. "the greatest composer of rag" Black Studied classical piano Attended the 1893 Worlds Fair "Maple Leaf Rag" |
| Million Rag' sellers | Maple Leaf Rag Wild Cherries Rag 12th St Rag |
| Main consumers for ragtime | white, young, females. |
| George L. Cobb | " He could Rag anything" russian rag |
| Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton | Most famous ragtime player creole of color tried to emulate the whole band. claimed that he "invented jazz" Jelly roll morton and his red hot peppers. |
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