jmax 14 Endocrine System
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Created by:
jmaxwell89 Plus on March 1, 2011
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Endocrine glands | ductless, come from all 3 embryonic germ layers (depends on where it is), secretes into blood |
| tropic hormone | affect the release of other hormones |
| Peptide Hormones | chain of amino acid, most common Growth Hormone |
| Steroids | Lipid derived from cholesterol Testosterone |
| Biogenic Amines | Altering a specific amino acid Thyroid Hormone |
| Hypothalmus | produces regulatory hormones that stimulate or inhibit pituitary hormone secretion |
| Anterior Pituitary | Glandular tissue |
| Hypophyseal Portal System | Pituitary gland, veins that shunt blood carrying regulatory hormones to anterior pituitary before blood returns to heart |
| Posterior Pituitary | Part of brain |
| Antidiuretic Hormone | Pituitary, water reabsorption during dehydration, increases blood pressure |
| Hypersecretion of Antidiuretic Hormone | Edema |
| Hyposecretion of Antidiuretic Hormone | Diabetes Insipudis |
| Oxitocin | Smooth muscle contraction in repro organs (labor contractions), uterine contractions and milk ejection |
| Anterior Pituitary Hormones | Follicle Stimulating H., Luteinizing H, Adrenocorticotrophic H., Thyroid Stimulating H., Prolactin, Growth H., Melanocyte-Stimulating H. |
| Pituitary Dwarfism | Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone in children |
| Pituitary Gigantism | Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in childhood |
| Acromegaly | Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in Adults, nose and chin bigger, but rest of body normal size |
| Pineal Gland | Melatonin, regulate circadian rhythm |
| Thyroid Gland | Thyroid Hormone - increases metabolic rate Calcitonin - lowers Calcium blood levels, decrease osteoclast activity, increase osteoblast |
| Endemic Goiter | Iodine Deficiency, throat ball (Iodine needed for Thyroid Hormone to function properly) |
| Hyperthyroidism | excessive TH production, grave's disease (loss of thyroid feedback control) |
| Hypothyroidism | Decreased TH, fatigue, weakness, dry skin, weight gain |
| Parathyroid Glands | Parathyroid Hormone, Increase blood Calcium, increase osteoclast and decrease osteoblast |
| Antagonistic Hormones | Opposite effect, ex. Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin |
| Thymus | lower neck, Thymic Hormones, T-Lymphocytes |
| Adrenal Cortex | Aldosterone - water retention, Cortisol - deal with stress |
| Adrenal Medulla | Epinephrine (Adrenaline) and Norepinephrine - enhance fight or flight |
| Corticosteroids | steroid hormones from adrenal cortex, block inflammation, inhibit white blood cells, treat inflammation diseases, possible increased infection |
| Cushings | Adrenal Cortex disorder, Hypersecretion of Cortisol Moon face, buffalo hump, kidney stones, fragile and thin skin |
| Addison Disease | Hyposecretion of Cortisol (Adrenal Cortex), weight loss, fatigue, low blood pressure, skin darkening |
| Glucagon | Pancreas, increase blood glucose levels, secreted by alpha cells |
| Insulin | Pancreas, decrease blood glucose levels, signals body to take up glucose, secreted by beta cells, |
| Type I Diabetes | Autoimmune, can't produce/release insulin "insulin dependent" |
| Type II Diabetes | Decresed insulin release/effectiveness |
| Gestational Diabetes | Diabetes during pregnancy |
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