Science, Ch 9 test
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 organic compound | a compound made of carbon, hydrogen and others such as oxygen and nitrogen |
| 4 | How many valence electrons does carbon have? (use numbers, ex:1, 9) |
| Single bond | what is this called: C-C |
| double bond | what is this called: HH>C=C<HH |
| tripple bond | what is this called: H-C=-C-H |
| Alkanes | open-chained hydrocarbons in which only single bonds are present. |
| Alkenes | one pair of carbon atoms in each molecule that are connected by a double bond. |
| Alkynes | one pair of carbon atoms connected by a triple bond. |
| diamond | -used for cutting -network solid -no substance is harder -4 covalent bonds |
| Graphite | -soft and slippery -3 covalent bonds |
| hydrocarbons | an organic compound that contains only the elements hydrogen and carbon |
| Saturated hydrocarbons | contains maximum number of hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom -have only single bonds called alkanes |
| strait chains | in a strait line |
| branched chains | all carbon atoms are NOT in a strait line |
| polymer | a large molecule that forms when many smaller molecules are linked together by covalent bonds |
| monomer | a small organic molecule that can join with others to make polymeres |
| synthetic polymeres | properties depend on the type and number of monomeres |
| fosil fuel | organic compounds, (hydrocarbons formed from plants and animals that died in the Earth's crust and swamps millions of years ago |
| coal | solid fossil fuel made from partially decomposed plant matter in ancient swamps ~300 mill years ago -high carbon content |
| natural gas | formed from the remains of marine organisms. Main component is:meth-ane also can contain: eth-ane' prop-ane. |
| petroleum | formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms -complex liquid mixture of hydrocarbons aminly long branched:alk-anes and alk-enes |
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